Diabetes has become the third killer that seriously endangers human health after tumors and cardiovascular diseases. Diabetes affects people’s quality of life due to its various chronic complications and dietary restrictions. By avoiding and controlling the risk factors of diabetes, diabetes is again a controllable and preventable disease, and the incidence of diabetes can be greatly reduced by good lifestyle and pharmacological interventions in the early stage of the disease. Currently, more than 95% of the diabetes population in China is type 2 diabetes. risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes include: advanced age (age > 45), obesity, lack of exercise, high blood lipids, smoking, and family history of diabetes. The development of diabetes is mainly caused by insulin deficiency and/or reduced insulin sensitivity in the body. Under normal circumstances, the function of human organs decreases with increasing age. However, poor lifestyle habits such as lack of exercise and poor diet can also cause a decline in organ function, which is an important reason for the trend of diabetes at a younger age in recent years. The concentration of free fatty acids and triglycerides in the body of patients with hyperlipidemia is too high, which enters the pancreatic β-cells and eventually causes β-cell apoptosis through a series of biological signal transduction, thus reducing insulin secretion. The damage to β-cells caused by this metabolic disorder is called “lipotoxic” effect. In obese individuals, adipocytes become hypertrophic and show an early state of inflammation with high caloric intake, which activates or inhibits multiple signaling pathways, eventually causing blockage of insulin metabolic signaling pathways and triggering insulin resistance. Dyslipidemia is an independent risk factor for diabetes and therefore should also be included in regular monitoring. Smoking is an independent risk factor for diabetes. The nicotine component of tobacco causes an increase in catecholamine hormones in the body, resulting in vasoconstriction, increased vascular resistance, slow blood flow, increased blood viscosity, and ultimately an increased incidence of blood clots. Smokers cause visceral obesity due to long-term smoking, or cause hyperinsulinemia due to decreased insulin clearance and eventually insulin resistance. Several clinical studies, including those in the United States and Japan, have demonstrated a positive correlation between smoking and the risk of diabetes. Studies have shown that the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is 28% higher in former smokers than in non-smokers, and the relative risk of diabetes in passive smokers is as high as 1.16, which is higher than the relative risk of diabetes in active smokers, which is 1.10. Lack of exercise is an important cause of obesity, and regular exercise will help to enhance the sensitivity of skeletal muscle to insulin. Exercise for the prevention of diabetes requires persistence and integration into daily life. In the exercise should pay attention to: 1, the exercise time should generally last more than 30 minutes; 2, to moderate intensity aerobic exercise is appropriate, avoid high-intensity exercise. Many people are often in a state of tension and anxiety, causing the human sympathetic nervous system to be in a constant state of excitement, endocrine and immune system function changes, which can increase blood glucose values, increasing the risk of developing diabetes. Therefore, you should learn to relax, do a good job of psychological regulation, and keep your mood happy. Pay attention to the normal routine of life. It is said that early to bed and early to rise is good for the body, at least for the prevention of diabetes has positive significance. The onset of diabetes is the result of the interaction of genetic and environmental factors, so people with diagnosed diabetes or abnormal glucose tolerance in their immediate family should pay more attention to regular blood glucose monitoring and medical consultation. In general, the development of type 2 diabetes progresses through three stages: normal – abnormal glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose – diabetes. The second stage is a pathological state in which the blood glucose level is between normal and the diagnostic criteria for diabetes, i.e. the pre-diabetic state. Numerous domestic and international studies have shown that effective behavioral interventions or pharmacological interventions for the first and second stages will reduce the occurrence of diabetes to some extent. Many patients lack the appropriate pre-diabetes education, resulting in a lack of awareness of diabetes and insufficient attention to diabetes risk factors, allowing the disease to slowly progress to a pathological state. Diabetes is the same as everything else in the world: knowing what is known is only knowing the phenomenon, but knowing what is known is the only way to see the essence through the phenomenon. The better the understanding of diabetes, the better the prevention of diabetes.