General management (removal of allergens, monitoring of vital signs, opening of intravenous access) → blood volume replacement (intravenous rehydration) → epinephrine (0.3 to 0.5 ml intramuscularly in the mid-lateral thigh, may be repeated in 15 to 30 minutes) → glucocorticoids → antihypertensive drugs (used if blood pressure does not rise after the above treatment) → antiallergic drugs (antihistamines) → critical illness (unrelieved respiratory distress, opening of airway).