Monkeypox virus is transmitted by respiratory, digestive, and contact. Monkeypox is a zoonotic infection caused by the monkeypox virus, which occurs in people who are in close contact with rodents and who have not been vaccinated against cowpox. Monkeypox virus is mainly transmitted through the respiratory tract, digestive tract, and contact. For example, prolonged face-to-face contact with monkeypox patients, exposure to large amounts of virus-containing droplets, and consumption of virus-contaminated food can cause monkeypox infection. In addition, infection can also be caused by the bite of an easily infected animal, or by direct contact with its blood or body fluids. Monkeypox is a self-limiting infectious disease. Patients infected with the monkeypox virus may develop fever, malaise, rash, muscle pain, etc. In severe cases, it may be followed by bacterial infection or even death. Monkeypox can be prevented by avoiding contact with diseased animals or patients, and receiving smallpox vaccination. It is recommended that during monkeypox epidemics, awareness of personal protection against the virus should be enhanced.