Clinically, the main methods to control blood pressure include lifestyle adjustment and the use of antihypertensive drugs.
1. Lifestyle modification includes strengthening physical exercise, low-salt diet, quitting smoking, quitting drinking, eating more fruits and vegetables, controlling body weight, avoiding excitement and temper tantrums, and keeping a happy mood.
2. Drug therapy includes the use of diuretics, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers.
(1) Diuretics mainly include furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, spironolactone, etc., which mainly reduce blood volume to achieve antihypertensive effect.
(2) β-blockers mainly include propranolol, metoprolol, etc., which mainly achieve antihypertensive effect through the negative mediation of sympathetic nerves.
(3) Calcium channel blockers mainly include nifedipine and diltiazem, etc., which mainly achieve antihypertensive effect by inhibiting myocardial contraction and dilating blood vessels.
(4) Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors mainly include enalapril and captopril.
(5) Angiotensin II receptor blockers mainly include chlorosartan, valsartan and so on, which mainly achieve antihypertensive effect by dilating blood vessels.
If hypertension is not well controlled, it will cause serious damage to heart, brain, kidney and other organs, and should be detected and treated early to avoid serious complications.
If abnormal blood pressure occurs, please consult the hospital in time and take active treatment. The above drugs need to be used in a standardized manner under the guidance of a doctor to avoid adverse consequences.