Varicose veins are diseases of the venous system caused by the development of venous valves that do not close properly, causing venous reflux. Weakness of the venous walls and valve defects, and persistent elevation of intravenous pressure are the causes of superficial varicose veins. Weakness of the venous wall and valve defects are associated with genetic factors. Persistent elevated intravenous pressure is mostly associated with acquired factors such as prolonged standing work, heavy physical labor, pregnancy, chronic cough, chronic constipation, and deep vein thrombosis. The symptoms of visceral varicose veins include vomiting blood, black stool, ascites, hepatosplenomegaly, etc.; skin varicose veins are more common than superficial varicose veins in lower limbs, and the performance varies according to the early and late stages of the disease. In superficial varicose veins, the blood vessels on the surface of the skin are varicose like earthworms and protrude out of the skin obviously, and the varicose is in the shape of masses or nodules. This is the most common symptom of varicose veins. It is especially obvious after standing and disappears after raising the leg. The limbs have different sensations: the affected limbs often feel heavy, swollen and painful, and easily fatigued, which can be relieved after rest. The skin may have a series of symptoms of varicose veins such as pins and needles, itching, numbness and burning sensation. If the disease is long, the skin of lower leg and ankle has hyperpigmentation, desquamation, itching, eczema, liposclerosis and ulceration. Some patients with varicose veins may have thrombophlebitis as a complication, and the symptoms of local varicose veins are red, swollen, hard and painful to pressure.