Most children infected with the hepatitis B virus are immune-tolerant and do not require anti-hepatitis B virus treatment. However, for children who are at risk of, or already have, hepatic decompensation, or have evidence of severe liver disease, or progressive liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, anti-hepatitis B virus treatment may be considered. The latest 2012 Asia-Pacific Consensus on chronic hepatitis B (2012, Hepatology International) mentions the anti-hepatitis B virus medications that can be used in children of different ages, with a wider range of choices than the previous and contemporaneous U.S. Liver Disease Guidelines and European Liver Disease Guidelines. 1, common interferon-a can be used for children over 1 year old; 2, lamivudine can be used for children over 3 years old; 3, adefovir can be used for children over 12 years old; 4, entecavir can be used for children over 16 years old; 5, long-acting interferon and tenofovir are expected to be the results of further studies;.