Common gynecological diseases have a common feature, that is, early often “silent”. Therefore, in daily life, women should not only have regular checkups, but also learn to “read and see” when they are busy, in order to find some clues and eliminate gynecological diseases in the bud. The most common benign tumor in the female pelvis is uterine fibroids, with an incidence rate of up to 20% in women of childbearing age, known as the “first tumor” of gynecology. Most patients with uterine fibroids have no obvious symptoms and are often found by chance during a physical examination. The early or late appearance of symptoms is closely related to the location, growth rate and nature of the fibroids. To detect the signs of the disease in time, you need to carefully observe your menstruation and secretions in your daily life and be alert to the following symptoms: menstrual changes: increased menstrual volume, prolonged periods, irregular vaginal bleeding. Increased leucorrhea: sometimes there is pus and blood fluid discharge with foul smell. Abdominal distension: lower abdominal cramping, lumbar pain, and a lump in the abdomen can be felt when you touch yourself. Difficulty in urination: When fibroids enlarge and press on surrounding organs, such as the bladder and rectum, they may cause symptoms such as abnormal urination and defecation, and may cause infertility or secondary anemia. Once uterine fibroids are discovered, patients are often very frightened. In fact, in most cases, patients can live with fibroids peacefully and do not need to worry too much. If the fibroids are usually asymptomatic and small, it is recommended to visit the hospital every 3-6 months for review. Once the fibroids are found to be larger than 5 cm, rapidly increasing in size in a short period of time, excessive menstrual flow secondary to anemia or infertility, recurrent miscarriages, or other obvious symptoms, treatment is necessary. The ovarian cysts: be alert to the sudden increase in waist circumference The ovaries are likened to the “women’s backyard” and are responsible for women’s looks and vitality. The ovaries are located deep in the pelvic cavity and the cysts are very hidden, so in most cases they do not show any special signs. Some benign ovarian cysts can grow up to 20 cm in diameter without the patient even noticing. Some ovarian cysts are also detected only when the tip twists or ruptures, causing acute lower abdominal pain. Even in the case of ovarian malignancy, there are no obvious symptoms in the early stage, and once the patient feels abdominal pain, bloating, loss of appetite or weight loss, the tumor is often already in an advanced stage. Some patients may experience an increase in waist circumference after the disease, and their usual pants suddenly won’t fit, but this is often seen as a normal sign of “getting fat”. For early detection of ovarian cysts, in addition to the necessary annual gynecological checkup, it is also important to pay attention to the signals from the body, such as sudden irregularity of menstruation, dysmenorrhea or persistent worsening of dysmenorrhea, frequent urination or difficulty in urination, infertility, etc. Endometriosis: Don’t put up with menstrual pain. The uterus is not a confined space, but is connected to the pelvis through the fallopian tubes on both sides. After the endometrium has “escaped”, it may grow in many parts of the body and cause disease. Once it grows in the ovaries, it tends to form cysts, and the bleeding in the cysts can become like chocolate syrup over time, which is also known as “chocolate cysts. Women between the ages of 30 and 40 are most likely to develop endometriosis. Most patients have secondary, progressive dysmenorrhea, often accompanied by infertility and excessive menstruation. Treatment of endometriosis relies mainly on surgery and medications, and the specifics need to be considered in light of the patient’s age, condition, and whether or not she has fertility requirements. However, regardless of the approach taken, early detection and treatment are crucial. It is worth noting that menstrual pain is often seen by many women as a “common occurrence”, and enduring it is the most common option they choose, not knowing that enduring it may miss the timely detection and treatment of endometriosis. Cervical cancer: Don’t be careless about postmenopausal bleeding Cervical cancer does not cause any discomfort in the early stage, and patients often find it only during physical examination. The following small signs are most easily overlooked and need careful observation: contact bleeding, which mostly occurs after sexual intercourse or gynecological examination; vaginal discharge, which is white, purulent or bloody, and has a foul odor if accompanied by infection. It is especially important to remind that postmenopausal women should pay full attention if they find vaginal bleeding. Regular HPV (human papillomavirus) test, cervical cell smear and TCT are especially important for early detection and diagnosis of cervical cancer. In recent years, with the maturity of minimally invasive technology, minimally invasive surgery has become the main method for treating many gynecological diseases. Minimally invasive surgery refers to surgery performed with modern medical devices and related equipment such as laparoscope and hysteroscope. Minimally invasive not only means small surgical incisions, but more importantly, this surgical method causes less damage to tissues and organs, has less impact on cardiopulmonary function, and has the least systemic inflammatory response, and patients recover faster. Currently, uterine fibroids, ovarian cysts, infertility, endometriosis, cervical cancer, and endometrial cancer can be treated with minimally invasive surgery. Of course, not all patients are suitable for minimally invasive surgery, and doctors will judge the suitability of minimally invasive surgery according to each patient’s specific situation.