Anal fissures can heal on their own, but are less likely to do so, and most fissures do not heal on their own. Anal fissures are longitudinal fissures on the surface of the anal canal, forming small ulcers that often cause severe perianal pain and blood in the stool, and are more common in young people. Anal fissures can be divided into acute anal fissures and chronic anal fissures. In the case of acute fissures, there is a possibility of self-healing. Patients need to eat more fiber-rich foods, drink more water, keep the stool soft and prevent constipation, and take warm water baths. In case of chronic old anal fissure, there is no possibility of self-healing and medication and surgery are needed. Anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving medication can be chosen and surgical removal is needed if necessary, otherwise anal fissure will recur and affect the patient’s living and working status. Patients with anal fissures should usually eat more vegetables and fruits, have regular bowel movements, avoid being sedentary, perform anal lifting exercises, and maintain good eating and living habits.