Spring is in full bloom and everything is revitalized! Trekking, spring excursions and kite flying with friends is an annual event, however, there is an imminent danger that we have to be prepared for in advance, and that is the high incidence of spring diseases – allergies. What are allergies? Allergy is an abnormal reaction of the body to normal substances (allergens). When people with allergies come into contact with allergens, an allergic reaction occurs. In nature, there are thousands of allergens such as pollen, dust, foreign proteins, chemicals, ultraviolet rays, etc., and some allergies can’t even be traced to allergens. Spring list of common allergens 1, pollen A survey found that each plant can accumulate hundreds of millions of pollen, flowers blooming in some areas per square kilometer and even able to produce more than 10 tons of pollen. In windy and dry weather, the concentration of pollen in the air is even higher. Pollen floating in the air, very easy to induce allergic symptoms (sneezing, asthma, allergic conjunctivitis and even contact dermatitis) in allergic patients. China’s vast expanse, the allergenic pollen in various regions is not consistent, the northern region of the wild Artemisia pollen-based, while some areas of Jiangnan found ragweed, small partners need to pay attention to. 2, mites These tiny insects that cannot be seen with the naked eye exist in people’s lives. They mainly reside in indoor mattresses, carpets, pillow cushions, cushions and other objects, relying on the shedding epidermis of human skin to live. At the same time, its excreta eventually as dust rolled into the air and through breathing into the human respiratory tract, many people have an allergic reaction to mite excreta, especially will cause allergic patients with uncomfortable reactions, such as strong sneezing, hives and breathing problems. 3, daylight As the temperature rises, people’s outdoor activities began to increase, although the ultraviolet light has the role of calcium, but for some people, it is a health killer. When the skin of allergic patients are exposed to ultraviolet sunlight, rashes may occur in exposed areas such as the face, neck, back of the hands and other places. Mild UV allergy will appear diffuse erythema. In severe cases, blisters occur after localized redness and swelling of the skin, with a conscious burning or itching sensation. Blisters rupture erosion, scabs will also be accompanied by hyperpigmentation or worse, there will be generalized fever, headache, palpitations, fatigue, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms. 4, insects Spring is the season of recovery, but also a variety of insects began to hatch breeding season, allergic patients if small insects, such as bedbugs, fleas, mosquitoes, worms, etc. bite, small insect saliva, toxins injected into the body, allergic patients may appear allergic reactions, such as itchy pimples, blisters and even anaphylactic shock. 5, pet hair Sensitive skin is easy to produce allergies due to domestic pets such as fur. In the winter and spring, when the pet hair began to fall off, flying in the air, very easy to cause asthma. In addition, the oil glands of dogs and cats secrete proteins, and when pets lick their fur, these proteins get on the fur and then scatter into the air and adhere to human skin, causing a series of allergic symptoms in allergic patients. What should I do if I am allergic? If you return from a spring trip with flushed, itchy skin and a history of allergies to pollen, mites, etc., you can take an antihistamine such as loratadine or cetirizine 1 tablet once a day. The trunk and limbs can be applied externally with weak hormone ointment, such as Denuded cream, mometasone cream, etc., remember to avoid the face. It is important to note that children need to follow the dosage of children’s medication, and parents are advised to use the medication under the supervision of a doctor in order to avoid overdosage and adverse reactions. How to prevent allergies? Common allergies in early spring, the main prevention-oriented, Dr. Xiao Si’s the following small suggestions for reference: about pollen long-term move or pollen season temporarily moved to the pollen-free or rarely have the allergenic pollen in the region. Wear a high density mask when going out during the pollen season. It is advisable to go out in the morning or evening during the pollen season, usually around midday when pollen concentrations are at their highest. If you go out when the pollen index is high, remember to change into clean clothes when you return. About mites Keep your room hygienic and clean it often. Take care to keep your room ventilated often; humid air is more likely to harbor mites. Try not to lay thick carpets in your bedroom. It is important to keep your mattress clean. Minimize the placement of dust-gathering items in the bedroom, such as heavy curtains, fabric tablecloths, etc. Clean the air-conditioning filter before using the air-conditioner to reduce the spread of dust and dust mites. About ultraviolet rays Eat more foods containing vitamin A and fresh vegetables and fruits to maintain the normal function of the skin. Some of the photosensitive substances that can induce spring dermatitis, such as greens, spinach, lettuce, figs, lemons, white radish, etc. are light-sensitive plants, if you eat these plants after sun exposure, it is easy to UV allergy symptoms, so you should try to eat as little as possible or do not eat. Insects You should try to avoid damp, remote and grassy places when you go out for a walk. Try to wear long sleeves and long pants to avoid too much exposure of the skin, and use less soap and perfume, as dark colors and floral scents can attract mosquitoes. Regarding pets try to keep small animals out of your bedroom; try to keep small animal hair off your furniture; vacuum your room often to keep it clean; groom them outside often to reduce the amount of hair that is shed indoors; and bathe your small animals regularly. Some people with asthma or allergies should not feed companion animals. Warm tips: Adults who have no relief or even aggravation after self-administration of oral anti-allergy medication should go to the dermatology department of the hospital in time. Children’s condition changes quickly, once the mental condition deteriorates, or become anxious and irritable must also go to the hospital in time to avoid delaying the disease.