1.Procedure and precautions of postoperative perfusion for bladder cancer Before perfusion — abstain from water 4h before treatment or 1h after intravenous infusion to avoid excessive urine production in a short period of time and shorten the retention time of drugs in the bladder; empty the bladder before perfusion to avoid dilution of drug concentration by residual urine in the bladder to reduce the therapeutic effect. During instillation – the patient should be placed in a flat or lithotomy position, observe aseptic operation, insert the urinary catheter, ask the patient to do deep breathing to relax the whole body, operate gently to avoid damaging the urethral mucosa, inject the drug slowly, the speed of pushing the drug should not be too fast to avoid stimulating the bladder to cause urination, observe and ask the patient if there is any discomfort during the pushing process. After instillation – After the drug is instilled into the bladder, the patient is instructed to lie down and rest in the left-sided, right-sided, supine and prone positions for about 10 min each to make full contact between the drug and the mucosal tissue of each bladder wall to ensure the efficacy of the drug. After the drug is retained in the bladder for 40 minutes, the patient should discharge the drug independently and wash the perineum in time. Patients should be instructed to drink more water after the drug is discharged to accelerate the production of urine, so that the concentration of the drug in the discharged urine can be reduced and the stimulation of the drug to the urethral mucosa can be reduced. Three days after drug administration, pay attention to observe whether there are adverse changes such as urinary frequency, urinary urgency and hematuria, etc. If the symptoms are mild, they can be relieved by themselves, but if they are more serious, they should be dealt with in time. 2.Protocol and follow-up of postoperative perfusion for bladder cancer Conventional protocol: 1 time per week for 10 times after surgery; change to 1 time per month for 2-3 years. Suitable for: complete resection of tumor, no carcinoma in situ, negative postoperative urinary exfoliative cytology test. Follow-up: Blood and urine routine and liver and kidney function are reviewed monthly in the pre-infusion period depending on the patient’s condition, and once every 2-3 months in the later period to monitor adverse drug reactions. Cystoscopy should be repeated every 3 months. Common adverse reactions of bladder cancer perfusion therapy: urinary frequency and urgency Drug stimulates the submucosal nerve of bladder, which increases the sensitivity of bladder, resulting in urinary frequency and urgency. Provide good psychological care to patients, relieve tension, encourage drinking more water and urinating more often, and continue perfusion therapy after the symptoms are significantly reduced, or extend the interval between perfusions. Hematuria Mostly caused by drug stimulation of bladder mucosa, instruct patients to drink more water after perfusion, wait until hematuria disappears, and delay for 1 week, and continue bladder perfusion treatment after bladder mucosa repair. Painful urination Most often occurs in patients with inflammation of the urethra or those who have recently had their urinary catheters removed after surgery. Patients with urinary tract infection should be treated with anti-inflammatory therapy before bladder irrigation. Urethral stricture Mostly caused by repeated placement of catheters that damage the mucosa of the urethra. The occurrence of urethral stricture can be reduced by using a thin and soft urethral catheter, strict aseptic operation, and adequate lubrication of the urethral catheter. Leukopenia When leukocytes are reduced to <4×109/L, oral leukocyte-raising drugs can be taken; when leukocytes are <3×109/L, treatment should be suspended and comprehensive treatment care should be actively taken to prevent infection.