Timing of surgery: The timing of surgery varies depending on the type of cataract. Complete cataracts in both eyes: Surgery should be performed 1-2 weeks after birth and no later than 6 months. The other eye should be operated on within 48 hours or less after the first eye surgery. The purpose of shortening the surgical interval is more to prevent deprivation amblyopia from occurring after surgery due to monocular masking. Incomplete cataract in both eyes: If the visual acuity of both eyes is 0.1 or less and the fundus cannot be seen, early surgery should be strived for; if the fundus can be seen in the periphery, there is no urgency to operate. Complete monocular cataract: In the past, it was thought that complete monocular cataract could not restore vision after surgery because 30%-70% of complete monocular cataracts were complicated by other ocular abnormalities (microphthalmia, nystagmus, strabismus and some fundus diseases) and amblyopia existed at the same time. However, recent clinical data show that if surgery is performed in the neonatal period or even within 7 hours after birth, both eyes are covered after surgery, and contact lenses (26.00-30.00D) are fitted on the fourth day, and regular follow-up is performed until the visual acuity table can be identified, more affected eyes can still reach 0.2 or higher. If surgery is performed after the age of 1 year, even if the surgery is successful and the pupil area is clear, the visual acuity is hardly 0.2. Therefore, special emphasis is placed on early surgery for monocular cataracts and early completion of optical correction with strict postoperative amblyopia treatment measures.