Hypertension is one of the common clinical diseases, the incidence of which is continuously increasing in our country, and almost one-third of the adult population in our country suffers from hypertension or blood pressure exceeding the normal high value. Atrial fibrillation has a high incidence in China, especially in the elderly, and is one of the most common clinical arrhythmias. Many patients with hypertension combined with atrial fibrillation do not have particularly serious clinical symptoms, but once suffering from hypertension combined with atrial fibrillation, high attention should be paid to avoid recurrent clinical symptoms as well as the risk of heart failure, thromboembolism, and so on. I. The relationship between hypertension and atrial fibrillation Hypertension is an important risk factor for the development of atrial fibrillation. Patients at high risk for atrial fibrillation due to hypertension, such as combined left atrial enlargement, left ventricular hypertrophy, and reduced cardiac function, are recommended to use renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibiting medications (especially sartan-type antihypertensive medications) to reduce the occurrence of atrial fibrillation. An important complication common to hypertension and atrial fibrillation is stroke. Hypertension is one of the risk factors for stroke and embolism in atrial fibrillation with nonvalvular disease. Uncontrolled hypertension is also a risk factor for bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation. Treatment strategies for hypertension combined with atrial fibrillation All hypertensive patients should have their blood pressure levels under good control, have their blood pressure measured regularly, and have their medications adjusted according to their blood pressure levels. All hypertensive patients with combined non-valvular atrial fibrillation should be seen by a regular cardiologist, who will assess the risk of thromboembolism according to the thromboembolism risk score and assess the risk of bleeding. All patients with hypertension combined with AF who have thromboembolic risk factors should be anticoagulated according to current guidelines. The oral anticoagulant warfarin can be used under the guidance of the International Normalized Ratio (INR) to control the INR at 2.0 to 3.0. Due to the genetic characteristics of warfarin metabolism in our population, special consideration and attention should be given to the initial or adjustment of warfarin therapeutic dosage to ensure efficacy and to avoid bleeding adverse effects. New oral anticoagulants have been compared with warfarin in clinical trials in patients with nonvalvular disease atrial fibrillation, with noninferior or superior results in the prevention of stroke and embolism in the physical circulation, with no more or fewer bleeding complications than with warfarin, and with significant reductions in intracranial hemorrhage with all drugs. Proper use and follow-up are recommended according to the indications and contraindications of the appropriate guidelines. In patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation, ventricular rate or rhythm control should be performed according to current guideline advice. Blood pressure measurements in patients with atrial fibrillation are prone to error due to rhythm irregularities, and it is recommended that the average of three measurements be used. Where available, electronic sphygmomanometers capable of detecting atrial fibrillation can be used. Therefore, for patients with hypertension combined with atrial fibrillation, active and effective control of blood pressure, but also to take into account the many hazards of atrial fibrillation. Clinical practice has demonstrated that good control of blood pressure levels is helpful in preventing the recurrence of atrial fibrillation and its adverse effects.