Gallbladder polyps are a common disease, divided into two types: solitary gallbladder polyps and multiple gallbladder polyps, which usually require surgical treatment. For solitary gallbladder polyps, if the polyps are small, they may only be cholesterol crystals after surgical removal. However, if the polyps are diagnosed as multiple gallbladder polyps, or larger polyps, surgical removal of the gallbladder should be considered. Otherwise, if the polyps become malignant and become gallbladder cancer, the prognosis is very poor and most patients die within a few months of the onset of the disease. For those who have small polyps and are not willing to have surgery, they should be followed up closely and have regular ultrasound checks, and if changes occur, they should have surgery as soon as possible. The gallbladder polyp is a protruding limited lesion growing out of the gallbladder mucosa into the gallbladder cavity. Patients usually have no symptoms, and some patients only feel discomfort in the right hypochondrium, which can be detected by ultrasound examination. In recent years, with the popularity of ultrasound examination, there is a trend of more and more gallbladder polyp-like lesions being detected clinically. At the same time, because gallbladder polyp-like lesions can include benign and malignant lesions of more than 20 kinds, patients often seek medical advice for fear of cancerous changes. So, what kind of disease is gallbladder polyp? The results of a large sample of survey data show that the incidence of gallbladder polyps is more than 5% of the population, and the majority of men. The incidence rate of women is 4.5%, most often seen in the age of 40-50. Several studies have found that gallbladder polyp-like lesions are associated with gender and glucose intolerance. In addition, there is a correlation between obesity in men but not in women. The manifestations of gallbladder polypoid lesions include many pathological types, which are classified into two categories: non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions, and neoplastic lesions, which are classified as benign and malignant. Non-neoplastic lesions are most commonly seen as cholesterol polyps. They are followed by inflammatory polyps, adenomatous hyperplasia and adenomyoma. Cholesterol deposition is an important cause of gallbladder polyps. Cholesterol deposited in macrophages in the lamina propria of the gallbladder mucosa gradually protrudes to the mucosal surface, resulting in mucosal epithelial hyperplasia, increase in Rhodia sinus and thickening of the muscular layer to form polyps. Cholesterol polyps are characterized by multiple small polyps, which are brittle and thin, easily separated from the mucosa, without intestinal metaplasia and atypical hyperplasia, and without other stromal components, and even with inflammation are very mild. Inflammatory polyp: a granuloma caused by inflammatory stimulation, with a diameter of about 5 mm and a single or multiple broad-based nodules. The polyp is composed of capillaries, fibroblasts and chronic inflammatory cells, and there is significant inflammation in the gallbladder wall surrounding the polyp. Adenomatous hyperplasia is a proliferative lesion that is neither inflammatory nor neoplastic and is a soft yellow wart of approximately 5 mm in diameter, either solitary or multiple. They are composed of abundant connective tissue containing smooth muscle bundles and cupped cells, with epithelial hyperplasia and intestinal metaplasia on their surface. Adenomatous hyperplasia is caused by a marked increase in the number of sinuses formed by the mucosal epithelium extending into the muscular layer. Adenomyoma has localized changes in mucosal epithelium, myofibrillar hyperplasia and limited adenomyosis, so it is also known as adenomyosis, diffuse, segmental and limited. Adenomyoma is also a proliferative lesion that is neither inflammatory nor neoplastic, and may be cancerous. Neoplastic lesions: Benign adenomas predominate among these lesions, while malignant ones are mainly gallbladder cancer. Adenomas are mostly single, tipped polyps that can be papillary or non-papillary in shape, with a malignancy rate of about 30%. Studies have concluded that the incidence of adenoma of the gallbladder is very low, and although the disease has the potential to become cancerous, it does not pose a significant threat to the population. Adenocarcinomas are classified as papillary, nodular and infiltrative. The first two are bulging lesions with a diameter of about 20 mm, so gallbladder cancers that appear as polyps are often early, and most papillary cancers are confined to the mucosa and muscle and have a good prognosis. Diagnosis and treatment of gallbladder polyps: 1. Diagnosis of gallbladder polyp-like lesions: Since such patients are often asymptomatic or have mild symptoms, they are mainly diagnosed by imaging, and ultrasound can clearly show the location, size, number and local gallbladder changes of polyps, which is both simple and reliable. Foreign studies have concluded that endoscopic ultrasound is more accurate and provides clearer images than ultrasound, CT is more sensitive in examining whether gallbladder polyps have a tip, and enhanced CT can identify tumor and non-tumor-like gallbladder polyp-like lesions, and can reliably screen out tumor-like lesions that should be operated on. 2.The treatment of gallbladder polyp-like lesions should be given according to the size of polyps, benign and malignant, and so on.