Dialysis for advanced uremia can maintain the patient’s life expectancy usually for more than ten years. The exact length of time is related to the patient’s general condition, whether he/she is on regular dialysis and comorbidities, etc., and it is not yet possible to generalize. The basic function of kidney is to excrete metabolic wastes and water. When kidney function is impaired, metabolic wastes and water retention lead to a series of signs and symptoms, which jeopardize the patient’s life. In the advanced stage of uremia, kidney damage is serious and kidney replacement therapy is needed, and dialysis is one of them, including hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, which can extend the patient’s life for more than ten years under normal circumstances. However, if the patient’s general condition is poor, such as high age, combined with cerebrovascular disease, etc., dialysis is irregular and insufficient, renal anemia, renal bone disease is not corrected, and malnutrition is more serious, the prognosis will be worse. Specific life expectancy varies from person to person. It is recommended that patients with advanced uremia dialysis under the guidance of professional physicians regular dialysis, timely medication, prolong the survival period.