Why do people have high blood sugar and how is it treated? Hyperglycemia occurs when the blood sugar level is higher than the normal range. Hyperglycemia is also one of the “three highs”. The normal value of fasting blood glucose is below 6.1mmol/L, and the normal value of two-hour postprandial blood glucose is below 7.8mmol/L. If it is higher than this range, it is called hyperglycemia. Why do people have high blood sugar? It is currently believed that the occurrence of hyperglycemia is mainly related to the following mechanisms: 1. Pancreatic β-cells cannot secrete enough insulin and α-cells secrete too much glucagon. 2, Insulin resistance exists in peripheral tissues including liver, muscle and adipose tissue. 3, Intestinal absorption, intestinal flora and intestinal influence on blood glucose control hormones, leading to their abnormalities. 4, Excessive reabsorption of sugar by the kidneys. 5, Abnormal regulation of sugar metabolism by the nervous system. Hyperglycemia includes prediabetes and diabetes. Pre-diabetes is a condition in which blood sugar has risen but has not yet reached the diagnostic standard for diabetes, and blood sugar is between normal and diabetes. A normal person’s fasting blood glucose should be less than 6.1 mmol/L, while the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus fasting blood glucose should be equal to or higher than 7.0 mmol/L, there is a gap between these two values. Similarly, there is a gap between a normal person’s two-hour postprandial blood glucose, which should be less than 7.8 mmol/L, and a diagnosis of diabetes, which should be equal to or higher than 11.1 mmol/L. If a person’s blood glucose is exactly within these two gaps, that is, fasting blood glucose between 6.1mmol/L and 7.0mmol/L, and/or two-hour postprandial blood glucose between 7.8mmol/L and 11.1mmol/L, which is neither normal nor diabetic, it is called prediabetes. Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus: According to the world unified standard, fasting blood glucose is equal to or higher than 7.0mmol/L, or two hours after meal blood glucose is equal to or higher than 11.1mmol/L, that is to say, the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus reaches the standard. Do oral glucose tolerance test, two hours after taking sugar blood sugar is equal to or higher than 11.1mmol / L, also meets the diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus. For the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, blood glucose can be diagnosed as long as it reaches the above criteria once. If there are no symptoms, it is necessary for blood glucose to reach the above criteria two or more times in different situations before diabetes mellitus can be diagnosed. Diabetes is a very common disease, can get diabetes because of the cause of diabetes, there are many, there are irregular life caused by genetic causes and so on. The main reason for diabetes is that the body’s ability to excrete excess blood sugar is weakened or lost, so the blood sugar can only be excreted through the urine. So the first step in treating high blood sugar is to treat diabetes! Surgery for diabetes: for so many years surgery for diabetes is an important discovery, the effect of the treatment method is even more than the general drug treatment, this is an indisputable fact, the international endocrinologists and metabolic surgeons are of the opinion that if obese diabetic patients with unsatisfactory results of drug treatment, it is recommended that surgical treatment. Surgery is able to treat diabetes once and achieve clinical cure because it is unique in that it changes the physiological flow of food, which is accomplished through the steps of gastric blockage, gastrointestinal anastomosis, and intestinal-intestinal anastomosis. After the surgery, the insulin resistance of the patient’s body is eliminated, and the way the food flows through the body after the surgery also promotes insulin secretion in the patient’s body, reduces apoptosis and proliferation of pancreatic islet cells, restores the function of pancreatic islets, and the diabetes mellitus is well treated. In addition to normalization of blood glucose, a series of complications associated with the patient has been well recovered. For example, retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic dermatitis, diabetic sexual dysfunction, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and so on are gradually cured. Serious complications were eliminated and disabling and fatal conditions were avoided. This surgery is not for all diabetic patients, it has its own indications. Indications for surgery: 1, meet the diagnostic criteria for type 2 diabetes mellitus 2, pancreatic islet function is in the compensatory period (plasma insulin level > 1/3 of the normal value) 3, age ≤ 65 years old (good health can be appropriately relaxed)