As people live better and better, their diet and living habits have changed a lot, and large fish and meat have become the modern trend of diet, but long-term high-fat diet and bad living habits have caused many “rich diseases” to come one after another, and rectal cancer is one of the common “rich diseases”. rectal cancer is one of the common “rich diseases”. Rectal cancer is a common malignant tumor in the gastrointestinal tract, second only to the stomach, and its incidence has been rising continuously in recent years. So how is rectal cancer caused? How can we prevent rectal cancer? High-fat food intake and sedentary habits can easily lead to rectal cancer, so we should reduce the intake of high-fat food, exercise more, and have regular colonoscopy to prevent rectal cancer. All tumors are caused by a combination of internal and external factors. The development of rectal cancer is related to eating habits, such as the intake of fatty and high-fat foods like beef, sedentary lifestyle habits, and 20% of patients are related to genetic factors. High-fat, high-protein and low-fiber diet is the causative factor of rectal cancer. Because high-fat and high-protein food can increase methylcholanthrene in feces, which can cause increased secretion of bile acid and be decomposed into unsaturated polyunsaturated hydrocarbons by anaerobic bacteria in the intestine, both of which are carcinogenic substances. The decrease in the amount of fiber slows down the passage of feces through the intestine, which increases the contact time between these carcinogenic substances and the intestinal conjunctiva and leads to an increased chance of carcinogenesis. Based on the incidence factors of rectal cancer, the high-risk groups include white-collar workers with sedentary offices, groups with long-term intake of high-fat diet, groups with history of colorectal polyps and family history of rectal cancer. These high-risk groups should pay special attention to their colon health, improve poor diet and lifestyle habits, and have regular screening examinations to prevent the occurrence of rectal cancer. ”Blood in stool” is not hemorrhoids or rectal cancer, be alert to early signs of rectal cancer “Blood in stool” is the most common symptom of rectal cancer. In the early stage of rectal cancer, there are often symptoms of change in bowel habits, such as diarrhea or constipation, feeling of incomplete defecation, progressive thinning of stool, mucus in stool, blood in stool, urgency and heaviness, but the most obvious one is blood in stool. In fact, many patients have symptoms of blood in the stool in the early stages, but most of them are mistaken for hemorrhoids. There are two main reasons for this. First, more than 90% of people have hemorrhoids, and they are also a common symptom of blood in the stool. The second is that some low-level rectal cancers do not differ much from hemorrhoids, and the lower the blood in the stool, the more it resembles hemorrhoids, which ordinary patients cannot identify on their own. The redder the blood in the stool, the closer it is to the outside of the intestine. Generally, bleeding in the stool is more severe in hemorrhoids, while rectal cancer is manifested by blood on the surface of the stool. However, in order to confirm the diagnosis, it is recommended that once “blood in the stool” occurs, it is best to go to the hospital and ask a specialist to examine it, not necessarily to do a colonoscopy, but to ask a specialist to feel it, which can be felt within seven centimeters or six centimeters. If rectal cancer is detected and treated earlier, the possibility of cure can be higher. Doing colonoscopy ten years in advance can reduce the incidence of rectal cancer Doing colonoscopy every three to five years can effectively prevent rectal cancer The incidence of rectal cancer in our country is still increasing, but it is already decreasing in Europe and the United States, mainly because screening is done well in Europe and the United States. In the United States, people over fifty years old should go for colonoscopy regularly, start screening at the age of fifty, do the first colonoscopy, and if there is no abnormality, do it again at intervals of three to five years. The age of onset in our country is earlier than that in Europe and the United States, and the most concentrated age group is 40 to 59 years old. Therefore, it is recommended to have a colonoscopy ten years earlier, and to start the first screening at the age of 40, and to have a second one after three to five years if there is no abnormality in the first examination. Patients who have had blood in the stool should have their colonoscopy done at an earlier age. Sixty percent of intestinal cancers are caused by malignant intestinal polyps, which are usually relatively small, usually starting from a few centimeters, so they should be detected and removed early through colonoscopy. The incidence rate in foreign countries is decreasing because of colonoscopy, once polyps are found, they will be cut off, so as not to give the polyps a chance to become cancerous. Therefore, it is beneficial to have regular colonoscopy to confirm the diagnosis of rectal cancer as early as possible, so that it can be detected and treated as early as possible. Routine stool examination is the first step of bowel screening, do not give up the examination Many people often give up the routine stool examination due to long waiting time or just inconvenience, but routine stool examination is actually very important. The routine stool test is the first step in the screening process and is a very important screening tool, so don’t give up on the test. Although the sensitivity of the stool test is not very high, if the result is positive for occult blood, there is a possibility of intestinal diseases such as intestinal polyps or hemorrhoids, which will require further examination in conjunction with colonoscopy to check for abnormalities. Therefore, routine stool examination can screen out some groups of people who may have the disease to do colonoscopy, so that intestinal diseases can be detected early for prevention and treatment. To prevent rectal cancer, we need to improve poor diet and lifestyle habits. The common drug aspirin can also prevent rectal cancer. To prevent rectal cancer, it is necessary to diversify diet, develop good eating habits, not to be partial or picky, not to consume high-fat and high-protein diet for a long time, and to eat fresh vegetables containing vitamins and fiber frequently; meanwhile, to change sedentary habits; people with family history need to have colonoscopy earlier. In addition, the commonly used drug aspirin can prevent rectal cancer. Aspirin is a long-established antipyretic and analgesic drug used to treat cold, fever, headache, toothache, joint pain and rheumatism, and also inhibits platelet aggregation, which is used to prevent and treat ischemic heart disease, angina pectoris, heart and lung infarction and cerebral thrombosis. Since cancer patients are often accompanied by enhanced platelet aggregation, making cancer cells unrecognizable by immune cells, the platelet aggregation inhibiting effect of aspirin, combined with the anti-inflammatory effect of aspirin, can have a cancer prevention effect. Aspirin can prevent many tumors, among which the prevention of colorectal cancer is the most prominent. It can reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer by at least 30%. For patients who have experienced blood in the stool, taking aspirin can reduce the incidence of rectal cancer, and for those who have intestinal polyps, taking aspirin can also reduce the chance of intestinal polyps deteriorating to rectal cancer.