It is caused by systemic hypertension and is ranked as the second most common disease causing end-stage renal failure in Western countries (about 25% of cases), and its incidence is increasing in China. The following is an introduction to the examination methods of small arterial vitreous lesions in the bulb. Laboratory tests 1.Urinary routine: there may be intermittent pusuria or hematuria, which is the same as the manifestation of acute pyelonephritis in acute attacks. 2.Urine cell count: In recent years, the 1h urine cell count method is mostly used, and its evaluation criteria: leukocytes >300,000/h is positive, <200,000/h is negative, 200,000-300,000/h needs to be combined with clinical judgment. 3, urine bacteriological examination: intermittent true bacteriuria may appear, in acute attacks, the same as acute pyelonephritis, urine culture is mostly positive. 4, blood routine: red blood cell count and hemoglobin may be mildly reduced, and white blood cell count and neutrophil ratio may be increased in acute attacks. 5, renal function tests: persistent renal impairment may occur: (1) decreased renal concentration function, such as increased nocturnal urine volume, decreased morning urine osmolality; (2) decreased acidification function, such as increased morning urine pH, increased urine HCO3-, decreased urine NH4, etc.; (3) decreased glomerular filtration function, such as decreased endogenous creatinine clearance, increased blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, etc. Imaging 1, X-ray: KUB plain film can show that one or both kidneys are smaller than normal, IVU can be seen in two kidneys of unequal size, uneven shape, renal calyces, renal pelvis can be deformed, dilated, water retention phenomenon, renal parenchyma thinning, focal, rough cortical scar, accompanied by adjacent small calyces blunt or drumstick deformation, sometimes poorly developed, ureteral dilatation, cystoureteral contrast some patients There is vesicoureteral reflux, in addition to poor urinary flow, urinary tract obstruction such as stones, tumors or congenital malformations and other susceptibility factors can be found. 2. Radionuclide scan: It can determine the patient's renal impairment, showing a smaller affected kidney, and dynamic scan can also detect vesicoureteral reflux. Cystoscopy may reveal inflammatory changes at the ureteral orifice on the affected side, obstructed ureteral cannulation, and intravenous indocyanine to confirm diminished function of the affected kidney. 3, renal biopsy: light microscopy can be seen in tubular atrophy and scar formation, interstitial may have lymphocytes, monocytes infiltration, acute attacks may have neutrophil infiltration, glomeruli can be normal or mild periglomerular fibrosis, such as long-term hypertension, the glomerular capillary wall sclerosis, glomerular capsule collagen deposition.