When it comes to the “three highs” – high blood pressure, high blood fat and high blood sugar – many people are no strangers to them. They are like three solid barriers blocking the road to health for modern people. However, while people are busy fighting against the “three highs”, another health-threatening risk factor is quietly increasing, that is, high uric acid. According to incomplete statistics, the number of people with high uric acid has increased by nearly 31.8% in recent years. Although hyperuricemia is not equivalent to gout, but the harm of high uric acid is no less than gout, only its symptoms are not obvious, easy to be ignored. First, the three major characteristics of high uric acid It is estimated that there are about 12 million gout patients in China, about 120 million people with high blood uric acid value (about 10% of the total population), the value of catching up with or even catching up with the incidence of diabetes mellitus (0.92 billion), hypertension (200 million), dyslipidemia (200 million). At present, hyperuricemia has the following three major characteristics. 1, gradual rejuvenation. The onset of hyperuricemia has obvious age characteristics, most common in middle-aged people, 40 to 50 years old is the peak. A survey in Japan showed that nearly 20% of adult men, especially male white-collar workers suffer from high uric acid. Studies have shown that high uric acid can be induced by factors such as excessive alcohol consumption, poor dietary habits such as eating large quantities of animal offal that can lead to excessive production of uric acid in the body, and obesity, which are common among white-collar workers. In the past 20 years, the average age of the first incidence of high uric acid decreased by 6.3 years, less than 40 years old, the first incidence of an increase of 26.3%, there is a trend of rejuvenation. 2.”Prefer male to female”. Hyperuricemia has obvious gender differences, i.e. “men are more important than women”, the ratio of male patients to female patients is 20:1, men accounted for 78.1% to 95%, women only accounted for about 5%, the high incidence of men is middle-aged and old people, and women are often found after menopause, which may be related to the differences in the levels of male and female sex hormones, because estrogen has the ability to promote the development of uric acid, which can be used as an antioxidant. This may be related to the differences in sex hormone levels in men and women, because estrogen has the role of promoting uric acid excretion. 3, genetic predisposition. As early as in ancient times, gout has been found in the family group phenomenon, there is a family history of patients with more serious conditions. Both parents have high uric acid or gout, than a single parent with high uric acid or gout, and can be childhood onset. Primary gout is basically a hereditary disease, England and the United States family study found that about 25% of first-degree relatives of gout patients have high uric acid. Second, high uric acid and 10 kinds of diseases related to Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism, is the human body’s “garbage”. The human body has a can hold 1200mg of uric acid “funnel”, 600mg per day of new generation, at the same time, 600mg excretion, about 2/3 by the kidney excretion, the rest of the dissolved in the sweat and digestive juices out of the body. However, once there is too much uric acid in the “funnel”, or there is a problem with the “funnel”, there is no way to excrete uric acid through the kidneys in time, and the uric acid will be carried into the blood. When the concentration of uric acid in the blood exceeds normal, it is clinically diagnosed as hyperuricemia. According to statistics, 5% to 12% of patients with high uric acid will develop gout. High uric acid not only invades bones and joints, but also easily involves kidneys and cardiovascular system. In recent years, a large number of studies at home and abroad have shown that elevated blood uric acid levels are also closely related to obesity, lipid metabolism disorders, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, etc. Hyperuricemia has become an important disease that threatens the health of human beings. 1, gout stone. Uric acid salt deposition in connective tissue can gradually form gout stone. The process is invisible, the small ones can only be touched, and the big ones are visible to the naked eye. The most common areas of gout stones are earwheel, hands, feet, elbows, knees, eyelids and nasolabial folds. 2, Gouty arthritis. Once the blood uric acid exceeds the normal value, urate will be formed. The so-called gout, that is, urate with the blood flow to reach the distal lower extremities, in the joints and around the deposition in the form of crystals, and oppression of the nerves, causing numbness and other discomforts, the heavy severe pain is intolerable. If gouty acute arthritis repeated attacks, after 10 to 20 years can evolve into chronic arthritis, eventually leading to joint ankylosis, deformity, so that the function is completely lost. 3.Hyperuric acid nephropathy. Hyperuricemia is the first damage to the kidneys, is a latent “kidney killer”. About 20% to 40% of patients with high uric acid will appear high uric acid nephropathy. Patients suffering from hyperuricemia for a long time are likely to develop chronic renal injury, abnormal renal morphology, decreased renal function, and even failure. There are two types of clinical manifestations: one is predominantly glomerular lesions, and intermittent micro-proteinuria and increased nocturia can be seen in the early stage of the lesion, and 1/3 of the patients are combined with hypertension. The second is interstitial renal lesions, often manifested as recurrent urinary tract infections, the course of the disease is relatively long, this may be related to urate blockage of renal tubules. 4, urinary tract stones. In the general population, the incidence of urate stones is 0.01%, in the asymptomatic high uric acid, the incidence of urate stones is 0.2%, and in gout patients, the incidence of urate stones is 10% to 25%, 1,000 times higher than the healthy population. The incidence of urinary stones is related to blood uric acid concentration and urinary uric acid excretion. Any factors that contribute to the formation of uric acid crystals, such as increased amount of urinary uric acid, low urinary pH, urine concentration, changes in the quality and quantity of urine and other factors, can affect the solubility of uric acid and the formation of stones. Stone damage to the urinary tract can cause hematuria, obstruction of the ureter is prone to renal colic, obstruction of the urinary tract can cause secondary urinary tract infection. 5, hypertension. High uric acid is a risk factor for hypertension. In untreated hypertensive patients, 22% to 38% have high uric acid, significantly higher than the incidence of high uric acid in the general population. High blood uric acid in hypertensive patients may be related to their decreased renal blood flow and decreased ability of the kidneys to excrete uric acid. In addition, hypertension and high uric acid cause and effect, promote each other, high uric acid and the simultaneous existence of high blood pressure can cause different degrees of atherosclerosis and nephrosclerosis, leading to the reduction of renal blood flow and deterioration of renal function. 6.Obesity disease. Hyperuricemia is often seen in more than standard body weight 10% to 30% of obese patients. Obesity caused by hyperuricemia may be associated with endocrine system disorders or ketone bodies generate too much inhibition of uric acid excretion. In addition, obese people increased energy intake, purine metabolism can also lead to increased blood uric acid concentration. 7, diabetes. Hyperuricemia in 20% to 50% of patients with diabetes mellitus, usually type 2 diabetes mellitus. Excessive blood uric acid can directly damage the pancreatic β-cells, inducing diabetes. In addition, some patients with high uric acid due to the presence of insulin antibodies in the body, and make the condition worse. 8, hyperlipidemia. In patients with hyperuricemia, triglycerides are as high as 75% to 84%. In patients with high triglyceride, the high blood uric acid reaches 82%. Some scholars believe that high triglycerides will reduce the kidney’s ability to excrete uric acid, thus leading to hyperuricemia. 9, coronary heart disease. Hyperuricemia is an independent and obvious risk factor for predicting death from cardiovascular disease and death from other causes. The incidence of hyperuricemia is significantly higher in patients with atherosclerotic arteriosclerosis, and blood uric acid levels can be used as a simple, feasible, and inexpensive risk marker for cardiovascular death. Studies have shown that the incidence of acute cardiac infarction in patients with gout is 26% higher than in normal people. 10, cerebral infarction. Hyperuricemia is a risk factor for atherosclerosis, which may make cerebral infarction easy to occur through its effect on small arteries. Third, away from high uric acid, bearing in mind the three more than four less In life, there are a lot of people are waiting until the gout attack to know that their uric acid is high, in fact, the physical examination, blood uric acid value is elevated is an “unhealthy” signals, need to pay enough attention. Want to really stay away from high uric acid, experts recommend to follow the following two principles: three more: drink more water, if you find yourself uric acid is too high, drink at least 2,000 ml of water a day to increase urine output, as much as possible to the excessive uric acid out of the summer should be an appropriate increase in the amount of alkaline food, such as vegetables, milk, fruits, rice and noodles, etc., to increase alkaline reserves in the body, which can help to lower the uric acid, especially in the summer, with corn husk and corn husk leaves boiled in water and drink. Corn bud leaves boiled water and drink, the best effect of lowering uric acid; eat more soda foods, can play a role in neutralizing high uric acid. Usually, may wish to bring a little soda crackers, every time after socializing to eat a little, in order to reduce uric acid. Four less: eat less purine high food, such as animal offal, seafood, meat, tofu, etc.; eat less hot pot, shabu shabu than a meal intake of purine 10 times higher, or even dozens of times; less to take to reduce uric acid excretion drugs, such as diuretics and dihydroketorolac tiazepoxide and some blood pressure medication, etc.; less intake of heat and fat, obesity will cause disorders of the endocrine system, accelerated metabolism of purine can also cause Increased blood uric acid concentration.