What causes drug-resistant tuberculosis to arise? It is the evolution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with the help of drugs and the body’s immune system. To stop it, it is necessary to change the very outdated treatment regimen, don’t expect that to find more effective chemical drugs to kill Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the existing chemical drugs are good enough, it’s just a mistake in using the regimen. The so-called modern tuberculosis chemotherapy regimen is a nightmare. The main reason for mankind’s inability to go through the strange circle of tuberculosis control is a series of theoretical misconceptions that exist in the field of tuberculosis control. Myth 1: TB is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is the disease with the most deaths caused by a single causative agent in the world, while clinical practice proves that TB is the result of cross-mixed infection by multiple microorganisms. Myth 2: Chemotherapy based on systemic application of anti-tuberculosis drugs is the main means of human control of tuberculosis. In today’s increasingly serious situation of multi-drug resistant, multi-drug resistant and extensively drug resistant tuberculosis bacteria, we need to change our thinking and rethink even more. Myth 3: TB can be cured by adhering to long-term, adequate, combined and full doses of anti-TB drugs. This traditional chemotherapy approach has proven to have many drawbacks such as difficulty in adherence, obvious toxic side effects, serious damage to the patient’s liver and kidneys, and resulting in a decline in his or her immunity. The application of anti-tuberculosis drugs alone disrupts the balance of the intrinsic flora of tuberculosis patients with lesions that are not only colonized by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but also by a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, tuberculosis lesions are the result of a mixture of pathogenic microorganisms, and the simple application of anti-tuberculosis drugs is often ineffective in controlling tuberculosis. On the contrary, it will artificially disrupt the balance of the inherent flora in the TB lesion and promote the resistance and drug-resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Secondly, the systemic administration of conventional chemotherapy does not guarantee an effective concentration within the TB lesion, and when the clinical effect of conventional chemotherapy is poor, it cannot simply be attributed to bacterial resistance; in fact, it is precisely the inadequacy of our drug concentration that leads to bacterial resistance, and this should especially attract our attention. In addition, the process of conventional drug therapy for tuberculosis only considers destruction and killing, but not repair and reconstruction, not to mention dynamic balance. Can systemic drugs alone completely kill Mycobacterium tuberculosis? When we treat the whole body with high-dose, long-term chemotherapy, what we kill is not only Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but also the balance of the flora, the natural immune function and the protective barrier of the body, which is not only ineffective but also more than worth the loss.