(Disclaimer: This article is for scientific purposes only. To protect the patient’s privacy, the relevant information in the following content has been processed) Abstract: The patient was given endotracheal intubation one year ago due to severe pneumonia complicating abdominal surgery, and was discharged from the hospital with complete symptomatic relief after invasive mechanical ventilation and aggressive anti-infective treatment. The patient gradually developed cough and shortness of breath 1 month after discharge from the hospital, and 2 months later, the patient consulted the respiratory department for obvious wheezing and coughing with sputum. She was diagnosed with airway stenosis by lung CT. After repeated bronchoscopic interventions, her condition was significantly controlled. 【Basic information】 Female, 55 years old 【Disease type】 Airway stenosis 【Hospitalization】 The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University 【Time of consultation】 March 2019 【Treatment plan】 Bronchoscopic interventional therapy (laser cutting of scar ring + freezing to remove granulation tissue + balloon dilation + rigid mirror tube to expand the airway) 【Treatment cycle】 Inpatient treatment for 14 days, outpatient follow-up 2 months 【Treatment effect】 Condition has been The patient was 55 years old, with gradually aggravated dyspnea with cough and sputum one month after tracheal intubation. At the beginning, the patient had mild shortness of breath and cough with a small amount of white mucous sputum after activity, which the patient didn’t pay attention to, and then there was obvious wheezing, and the sputum was viscous and difficult to cough up, and she had poor rest at night, which was not relieved by oxygen, and the effect of oral aminophylline and aminobromine hydrochloride was not good, so the patient thought that she had bronchial asthma. He thought he was suffering from bronchial asthma, so he came to the respiratory department of our hospital. Physical examination: clear, thick breath sounds in both lungs, inspiratory and expiratory rales in the main bronchial tubes, rhythmic, no obvious murmurs in the valvular regions, abdominal softness, no pressure and rebound pain, no abnormalities in the liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and spleen, and no edema in the lower limbs. Outpatient blood routine was basically normal, and CT examination of the lungs showed obvious stenosis in the middle and upper third of the main bronchus, so he was admitted to the hospital for treatment. Normal airway Stenotic airway Stenotic airway Second, the treatment After the patient was admitted to the hospital, the main treatment was bronchoscopic intervention, and the airway stenosis was improved significantly after giving ciliary cryotherapy, balloon dilatation, suctioning and other dispositions, and the patient’s dyspnea was relieved. However, scar stenosis needs to be repeated several times to deal with the effect is better, 1 week later the patient again appeared dyspnea, in the tracheoscopy room laser cutting scar ring, freezing to remove the granulation tissue, balloon step-by-step dilatation and hard mirror tube expansion of the airway, to be microscopic sputum suctioning, the symptom was significantly relieved, again after 1 week after the removal of granulation tissue and necrotic material, balloon dilatation, the patient respiratory distress was significantly relieved, the patient was discharged, and patients are instructed to The patient was discharged from the hospital, and was instructed to undergo outpatient review for 2 months. Third, treatment effect The patient firstly chose cryotherapy to help treat granulation tissue hyperplasia and scar constriction stenosis, which reduced the scar tissue and granulation tissue hyperplasia, and at the same time, balloon catheter dilatation was given to alleviate the stenosis of different degrees. The second time, laser therapy was chosen, which is less damaging to the surrounding tissue and is indicated for scar tissue hyperplasia. After 3-4 sessions of comprehensive bronchoscopic treatment, the scar stenosis was well controlled. After 10 days of follow-up in the outpatient clinic, review bronchoscopy showed mild to moderate stenosis in the upper part of the trachea, with a diameter of about 8 mm, and necrotic material was removed microscopically, and the patient did not have any obvious chest tightness or shortness of breath after the operation. 1 month later, the patient was admitted to the hospital again for review bronchoscopy, and a circular scar formation was seen under the microscope in the upper part of the trachea with the remaining necrotic material from the previous treatment, and the lumen was mildly narrowed with a diameter of about 8-10 mm, and the necrotic material was removed by a biopsy forceps, and the diameter of the trachea was about 10-12 mm after treatment, showing a stable condition. The patient’s condition was stabilized when the necrotic material was removed with biopsy forceps, and the diameter of the trachea was about 10-12 mm after the treatment, and the patient’s condition was basically improved. Precautions We are glad that the patient’s condition has improved. In addition, the patient should be instructed to pay attention to the protection of the airway in daily life, avoid going to places with more smoke and dust and irritating gases, pay attention to keeping warm when going out, wear a mask, and avoid upper respiratory infections so as to avoid the above situation from causing the patient’s coughing and sputum, resulting in trachea damage again. In daily life, patients should pay attention to strengthening nutrition, exercising appropriately and ensuring sufficient sleep. Tracheal stenosis is not uncommon in clinical practice, and the main causes of tracheal stenosis in China are endobronchial tuberculosis and tracheal intubation and tracheotomy. Endobronchial tuberculosis forms tracheal stenosis mainly due to atypical symptoms, misdiagnosed as common cough or bronchitis, delayed condition and resistance to tuberculosis drugs, resulting in tracheal scarring contracture and stenosis. The stenosis caused by tracheal intubation is related to local infection, intubation time, scarring, genetics and other factors. Therefore, patients should be well protected during tracheal intubation, and should go to the hospital promptly after accompanying symptoms such as shortness of breath, shortness of breath, dyspnea, etc. Early diagnosis and standardized treatment of tracheal stenosis are crucial. Early diagnosis and standardized treatment of tracheal stenosis is crucial. Usually, as in this patient, the condition can be effectively relieved through effective treatment.