Patient’s question: Disease: Tracheal stenosis type O Description: severe pneumonia at 2 months of age, pneumonia again at 5 months of age, Hope to provide help: whether surgery is possible, how old it is appropriate to operate, what are the chances, the approximate cost Hospital department: Jinan Children’s Hospital, Department of Respiratory Interventions Medication: Drug name: nebulization Dosing instructions: nebulization 3 times a day, calcium and vitamin D supplementation Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Zhang Lei, Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, replied: For complete tracheal ring malformation, stenosis in short segments may be treated by end-to-end resection tracheal anastomosis, and stenosis in medium and long segments may require Slide tracheoplasty, while particularly long segments or multiple stenoses may not have surgical opportunities. For surgical correction, please consult with Professor Xu Zhiwei of our Thoracic Surgery Department. Some children with less severe stenosis, no shortness of breath, or no recurrent respiratory infections, may also be recommended to be followed up without treatment. Note the presence of co-morbidities, including pulmonary artery sling and other cardiovascular malformations, and suggest cardiac ultrasound and cardiac Ct examination.