Primary prevention of cerebrovascular disease refers to prevention before the onset of the disease, that is, through early change of unhealthy lifestyles and proactive control of various risk factors, so as to achieve the goal of not occurring or delaying the age of cerebrovascular disease. For people who have not had cerebral infarction but have risk factors for cerebral infarction, changing risk factors is the main strategy of primary prevention, so that the risk of cerebral infarction can be reduced. I. Blood pressure Hypertension is the most important risk factor for cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction. Controlling hypertension significantly reduces stroke and also helps prevent or reduce other target organ damage, including congestive heart failure. The goal of treatment for hypertension is primarily to improve the rate of control in order to reduce the occurrence of comorbidities such as stroke. It is equally important for patients to achieve systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and the focus should be on achieving systolic blood pressure. Strokes are significantly reduced when blood pressure levels are <140/90 mmHg. Patients with diabetes and renal disease should have a lower BP target of <130/80 mmHg. Second, heart disease Various types of heart disease are closely related to stroke. For ischemic stroke, hypertensive heart disease and coronary heart disease have the highest relative risk, followed by congenital heart disease. Atrial fibrillation is a very important risk factor for stroke, and patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation have an annual risk of stroke of 3% to 5%, accounting for approximately 50% of thromboembolic strokes. Other types of heart disease including dilated cardiomyopathy, valvular heart disease (e.g., mitral valve prolapse, endocarditis, and prosthetic valves), and congenital heart disease (e.g., patent foramen ovale, atrial septal defect, atrial septal aneurysm) also increase the risk of thromboembolic stroke. Overall, it is estimated that about 20% of ischemic strokes are cardiogenic embolisms. Diabetes is an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke. Patients with type 2 diabetes have an increased prevalence of atherosclerotic susceptibility and atherogenic risk factors, especially hypertension, obesity, and dyslipidemia. However, it is not clear whether strict control of blood glucose can reduce the risk of stroke. type 2 diabetic patients have a 2-fold increased risk of stroke. Serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is elevated, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is reduced and cerebral atherosclerosis has a close relationship. Internationally accepted standards for the treatment of abnormal lipids emphasize that: (1) corresponding graded diagnostic and treatment criteria should be developed according to the presence or absence of risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease; (2) diabetic patients should be included in active treatment regardless of whether they have coronary heart disease; (3) reducing LDL-C is the primary goal of treatment, with a target value of <100mg/dl.