Dwarfism refers to short stature and is defined as a child’s height being within the bottom third of the height range between children of the same age and gender. The causes of dwarfism can generally be divided into proportional dwarfism and non-proportional dwarfism. Non-proportional dwarfism, such as some cartilage dysplasia, etc. There are also surgical conditions such as scoliosis that can cause dwarfism, the most common being proportional dwarfism. Most of them are of unknown etiology and are called idiopathic dwarfism. There are also some that are caused by familial causes, such as when both parents are not tall, the child will also be short. There are also children who have a deficiency of growth hormone, called growth hormone deficiency, which can be treated symptomatically with growth hormone. Some children with dwarfism have chromosomal abnormalities, such as Turner’s syndrome.