Excellent surgical skills are the basis for recovery, and good postoperative care can promote the improvement of the condition. Nursing care is especially important for patients who are bedridden for a short period of time after thoracolumbar spine surgery. Preventing lung infection: Encourage patients to do more deep breathing, chest expansion, effective coughing up sputum, talk about thick liquid is not easy to cough out the patient can be used to add the nebulizer inhalation, can also pat the back, pay attention to the strength of the back patting, to promote sputum expulsion and lung expansion, to maintain a smooth airway. Functional exercise: ① Early straight leg raising exercise is an effective measure to prevent nerve root adhesion and scar formation. After the disappearance of anesthesia after the operation, passive, flexion and extension movements of the joints of the lower limbs can be performed, and straight leg elevation exercise can be performed on the next day. At the beginning of the patient often feel the pain of the incision, the muscles above and below the knee by the pain of pulling, elevation of the range of 40 ° ~ 90 °, the patient was asked to try to lift up, maintain 3 seconds and then slowly put down, several times a day, in order not to produce a sense of fatigue appropriate, adhere to the 2 to 3 months. ② After 3 days of postoperative pain relief, start the functional exercise of the lumbar and dorsal muscles, enhance the muscle strength of the lumbar and dorsal muscles, in order to maintain the stability of the spine. At the beginning of the five-point style: the patient supine position, head and pillow, double elbow, double heel five points of force, the waist and abdomen as far as possible upward vacillation, the first training l0 times, and later according to the patient’s physical strength and exercise to gradually reduce the point of contact with the bed, and gradually increased to 50 times, together with a fall should be gradual and progressive, alternating. Do not exert too much force, too sharp. ③According to the situation of different patients, 3 to 8 days after the operation, under the protection of the waist circumference, you can leave the bed and move around. The starting time should be short, and gradually extend the time and increase the number of times to get out of bed after adaptation. Adhere to the lumbar and dorsal muscle exercise for 6 months. Discharge guidance: teach patients the essentials of functional exercise before discharge, and strengthen the functional exercise for more than half a year. Establish a good life pattern, such as changing sitting posture, not to stand and sit for a long time, not to lie in bed for a long time, choose hard board bed, avoid heavy labor within 3 months, and not to lift heavy objects within half a year. Avoid sharp forward flexion, backward extension and rotation of the waist. Avoid squatting or bending the knees when picking up objects. Patients with nerve injury should continue to take nerve management drugs and undergo regular outpatient review.