Renal hypertrophy is considered to be a kidney disease. The following clinical conditions, there will be an increase in the size of the kidney: i. Polycystic kidney or renal cyst, which will appear when the kidney cyst is large in size. II. Acute nephritis, which occurs in the acute phase due to renal lesions, will show an increase in kidney volume and a large red kidney on pathological examination. Third, acute nephritis, pathological examination will appear crescent, the need for hormone shock therapy, mortality rate of up to 50% or more. Fourth, diabetic nephropathy, early kidney volume is significantly larger than normal, late reaching the uremic phase, some patients also have no significant reduction in volume, associated with diabetic metabolism. Patients with renal hypertrophy are recommended to go to the hospital to identify the cause to prevent the development of the disease and miss the best time for treatment.