I. What is a cataract?
The eye is like a camera. The lens is equivalent to the lens of a camera. It is a transparent biconvex lens through which light is clearly imaged on the retina. When the lens is cloudy, the transmission of light is affected and you can’t see things clearly.
How should cataract be treated?
So far, the only effective means to treat cataract is surgery.
Surgery: Nowadays, the most commonly used procedure is ultrasonic emulsion lens aspiration combined with IOL implantation. At present, it is generally believed that surgery can be performed when vision loss affects daily work and life and causes reading inconvenience. Especially for patients with bilateral senile cataracts, surgery should be considered even if the cataract is not yet mature. When the cataract is overly mature, the risk of surgery will increase and the time required for recovery after surgery will also be prolonged. Cataract surgery is not age specific and can be performed on people over 90 years old as long as they are in good physical condition. However, elderly people with systemic diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease or diabetes must be effectively controlled and their blood pressure and blood sugar can be stabilized at normal or near normal levels.
Drugs: There is no drug that has been proven to be effective in delaying, preventing or treating cataracts.
Third, does cataract surgery always require IOL implantation?
Currently, cataract ultrasound emulsion surgery is the most advanced surgical method commonly used in the world to treat cataracts. Through an incision of only 3.2mm or even smaller, the cloudy lens nucleus is crushed into a chylomicron shape and then an IOL is implanted. It is very popular among patients because of the small incision and quick recovery of vision after surgery. Implanting an IOL during cataract surgery can avoid the trouble and inconvenience of wearing highly farsighted glasses after surgery, and can also obtain more satisfactory vision at an early stage. However, for some special cases, such as: phase I surgery for traumatic cataract and congenital cataract patients younger than 2 years old, IOL implantation should be selected at the appropriate time according to the specific situation.
4. Guidance for daily life of cataract surgery patients: 1. pay attention to safety and avoid collision with the operated eye as much as possible; 2. pay attention to eye hygiene, do not splash dirty water into the eye, do not wipe the eye with dirty hands; do not watch TV, read books or watch computers for a long time, pay attention to eye rest; 3. follow the doctor’s instructions to order eye medicine and take oral medicine on time; 4. for children with congenital cataract, amblyopia training should be carried out under the guidance of the doctor after surgery; 5.
5.Avoid discomfort caused by wind and sand in the eyes. Your vision tends to stabilize 3 months after surgery, refractive examination should be done at the time of review, and if necessary, glasses should be prescribed to adjust the vision of looking at the early distance or near after surgery to achieve the best vision effect; 6. If you suddenly have abnormal conditions such as eye redness, swelling, pain, increased secretion and vision loss after surgery, please go to the hospital in time.