Children with elbow dislocation and elbow fracture (including supracondylar humerus fracture, epicondylar humerus fracture, radial neck fracture, proximal ulnar fracture) need to perform activity exercises as soon as possible after the removal of external fixation of plaster or internal fixation of steel pins, otherwise, the elbow joint extension, flexion and rotation functions will be limited, and in serious cases, sequelae will fall and the elbow joint activity function will be affected. It is important to help your child with functional exercises at an early stage. Generally speaking, if the elbow joint is dislocated and the cast is removed after 2-3 weeks of external fixation, activity exercises should be performed immediately; for elbow fractures, whether the cast is fixed by manipulation or by internal fixation with steel pins (including steel pins left in the skin or outside the skin), elbow joint activity exercises should be started in 3-4 weeks or 4-6 weeks at the latest. Because of the pain associated with early training, children generally have a fear of pain, poor self-control and poor cooperation, so it should be explained to the child in advance and the cooperation of the family and the child should be sought, i.e. psychotherapy. Reasonable arrangements should be made for the child to participate in daily activities, using the elbow joint and avoiding the child to use the healthy limb instead of the affected limb, for example, encouraging the child to use the affected hand to hold objects, shoot balls, and pass things, most patients can return to normal function after exercise and generally do not need professional rehabilitation institutions to assist in practice. Parents or non-professionals should avoid helping patients to move passively, which may cause secondary fractures or local congestion and edema due to intense activities, formation of ossifying muscle inflammation, and later joint movement disorders or even ankylosis. The following are active elbow exercises: straighten the elbow joint exercises Sit the child in a sitting position with the elbow at the same height as the table, place the affected elbow on the table, fold the towel about 125px high under the elbow joint, hold an apple or an object of interest to the child with the palm of the hand facing upward, and stretch the elbow joint to the maximum by relaxing the muscles, 10 at a time, 3 times a day in the morning, in the middle of the day and in the evening, requiring the straightening amplitude to increase gradually from one time to another. Gradually increase the range of extension. Flexion elbow exercises The child is seated with the elbow at the same height as the table, place the affected elbow on the edge of the table with the palm of the hand facing him/herself, lean the distal dorsal side of the affected forearm against the edge of the table and use the forward leaning action to flex the elbow joint forward, again 10 each time, 3 times a day, morning, noon and night, with the straightening amplitude gradually increasing from one time to another. Rotation of the elbow joint exercises The child takes a sitting position, the elbow is equal to the table, the patient’s forearms are flat on the table, the hands clenched thumbs towards the neutral position, the thumbs rotate towards the inside for rotation, the thumbs rotate towards the outside for rotation, also 10 each time, 3 times a day in the morning, middle and evening, the straightening amplitude is gradually increased. Do not be in a hurry, as long as there is a little progress every day, most patients will be able to return to normal elbow function. It is recommended that the correct method of exercise be performed under the guidance of a physician.