Chronic sinusitis
I. What are the manifestations of sinusitis?
Local symptoms: more pus, nasal congestion, headache, reduced or absent sense of smell.
1, runny nose: mostly purulent, yellow, green or gray-green, nasal snot can have resting gas if the disease is long, pus snot can often flow to the throat through the posterior nostril, and the patient feels sputum in the pharynx and often spits it out after suctioning through the pharynx.
2.Nasal congestion: caused by nasal mucous membrane congestion, turbinate hypertrophy or nasal polyp, sometimes also due to too much pus, nasal congestion can be reduced after blowing out nasal mucus.
3.Decreased sense of smell: mostly due to two reasons, one is the swelling of nasal mucosa, nasal congestion, airflow can not enter the olfactory area, and the other is chronic inflammation of the mucous membrane in the olfactory area long-term stimulation, olfactory function decreases or disappears.
4, dizziness, headache: chronic sinusitis is mostly manifested as a heavy head feeling, acute attacks can have a headache, all due to poor drainage in the sinuses.
Systemic symptoms: mental fatigue, easily tired, dizziness, memory loss.
What complications can be caused by chronic sinusitis?
1, due to the posterior group of septal sinus and pterygoid sinus and the optic nerve is very close, optic neuritis can occur.
2.Osteomyelitis occurs in the frontal sinus or the maxilla in children.
3.Orbital periostitis or subperiosteal abscess may occur, and orbital cellulitis may occur in severe cases.
4, Intracranial comorbidity, although low in incidence, is very dangerous and can be life-threatening.
5.Sinusitis, which can be infected downstream, causing pharyngitis, tonsillitis, laryngitis, tracheitis, bronchiectasis, etc.
6.It can cause gastric dysfunction due to the flow of pus into the stomach.
7, can cause arthritis, heart, kidney and other organs of the comorbidities.
What are the causes of chronic sinusitis?
1, systemic reasons, such as fatigue, love cold, malnutrition, allergic reaction physique, excessive smoking and alcohol, systemic diseases such as tuberculosis, syphilis, etc., so that the body resistance is weakened.
2.Infection spreads to the sinuses when suffering from acute rhinitis (i.e. cold).
3, nasal cavity diseases that prevent sinus ventilation and drainage, such as nasal septal deviation, turbinate hypertrophy, nasal metaplasia, nasal tumors, foreign bodies. The above diseases can block the middle or upper nasal tract, preventing sinus ventilation and drainage.
4, chronic tonsillitis and children with proliferative glands often make the nasal cavity obstruction, easy to induce sinusitis.
5, nasal surgery or treatment of epistaxis when the nasal stuffing is placed for too long.
6, swimming and diving, sewage inhalation sinus and inflammation.
7, sinus trauma fracture or foreign body retention.
8, maxillary sinusitis often occurs due to dental disease.
For all these reasons, bacteria invade the sinuses, destroy the tissue, and acute or chronic inflammation occurs.
Four, how to prevent chronic sinusitis?
1. Strengthen physical exercise, enhance physical fitness, and prevent colds.
2. Acute rhinitis (cold) and toothache should be actively treated.
3. timely and thorough treatment of acute inflammation of the nasal cavity and correction of nasal deformities and treatment of chronic rhinitis.
4, chronic rhinosinusitis patients due to the long duration of the disease, often accompanied by general discomfort and easy irritability and other performance, living indoor should keep the air fresh, winter temperature changes should not be too much, pay attention to rest, adhere to the treatment. Children with the disease should take medication on time. Patients should do more head lowering and side head movements to facilitate the discharge of pus in the sinuses. Clean the nasal cavity, remove the accumulated pus snot, and keep the nasal cavity clear.
5, active prevention of colds, in the upper respiratory tract infection period timely treatment, because the “upper sense” treatment is not complete, often chronic rhinitis and chronic sinusitis cause.
6, the work environment dust, pollution, should wear a mask to avoid bacteria into the nasal cavity.
7, pay attention to not forcefully blowing the nose, pus more than the first drop of medicine, and then blow the nose, so as to avoid a single sinusitis due to improper nose blowing, the pus pressed into other sinuses and lead to multiple sinus inflammation.
8, prohibit spicy, fatty irritating food, quit smoking and alcohol.
Five, how to treat chronic sinusitis?
The principle is to open up the sinus drainage and remove the cause of the disease.
1, nasal drops: vasoconstrictors can shrink the swollen mucosa of the nasal cavity to facilitate drainage. Commonly used 1% ephedrine liquid or furacilin ephedrine liquid, chloramphenicol ephedrine liquid nasal drops.
2.Physiotherapy: generally use ultra-short wave transthermal therapy to assist in treatment.
Sixth, dietary guidance
Patients are advised to eat more of.
1, fresh fruits and vegetables to take in vitamin c and bioflavonoids.
2. shellfish and nuts for zinc intake.
3, whole grains and legumes for vitamin b intake.
4. sunflower seeds and seed oil for vitamin e.
5, decongestant herbs and spices, such as garlic, onion and ginger, elderflower, musk.