Indications for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) include: 1. severe depression with intense self-injury, suicidal behavior or obvious self-blame and self-guilt; 2. extreme excitement, agitation, and impulsive injury Those who refuse to eat, disobedience and catatonic xylophobia; 3. Those with psychosis that is difficult to control by medication and cannot be tolerated by medication; 4. In addition, ECT is also used to treat psychosis such as obsessive-compulsive neurosis, anxiety neurosis, anorexia nervosa, bulimia and neurotic vomiting. In conclusion, the most important indication for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is depression, especially when accompanied by severe suicidal tendencies, food refusal, or a state of mute rigidity should be the first choice. This is followed by schizophrenia. It is especially indicated for catatonic schizophrenia. The last is mania, the efficacy is comparable to lithium salt, the onset of action is faster than lithium salt, and it is mainly used for the treatment of acute mania and manic patients with psychotic symptoms. Modern electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) treatment indications of further expansion, but still more schizophrenia and depression, mania, other still have dysthymia, xylophobia, refractory neurosis, etc.. The efficacy is significantly better than that of drugs, especially in the control of acute psychotic states, agitation and depressive states. In the treatment of some specific diseases, good results have been achieved, such as pharmacogenic miosis, malignant syndrome, Parkinson’s disease with depression, delirium caused by clozapine withdrawal, etc. Domestic studies have shown that both traditional electroconvulsive therapy (TECT) and modern electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) have significant efficacy in schizophrenia, with faster time to efficacy for TECT treatment, but there is no significant difference between the two in terms of total clinical efficacy.