We often encounter a skin tumor in the head and face in the clinic, which grows from small to large for decades and seriously destroys important facial organs, such as destroying the eye and losing vision; destroying the whole nose; destroying the skull and invading the brain, etc. Serious cases are life-threatening such as malignant melanoma. From time to time, I wonder why I did not see it earlier. The structure of skin is complex, with epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous fat, appendages such as hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, nails, etc., as well as blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerves and other tissues. Therefore, there are various kinds of tumors. I have counted more than 320 kinds of skin tumors mentioned in Chinese Clinical Dermatology, plus metastatic skin tumors and some tumor syndromes, there are more. In addition, the skin of head and face is rich in hair follicles and sebaceous glands and involves important five senses, which is a more complex structure. The overall incidence of skin tumors is very high and almost everyone has skin tumors. From cradle to grave, various skin tumors will be born one after another. For example, there are congenital pigmented nevus, congenital hemangioma, sebaceous nevus and various epidermal nevi after birth or shortly after birth; in adolescence, various nevi will increase in size, and with the development, surface cysts and facial scar will increase; in middle age, seborrheic keratosis (age spots) and solar keratosis will grow one after another; in old age, basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma will increase. So many head and facial tumors not only seriously affect our health, but also cause serious damage to our appearance. The common skin tumors are benign such as various pigmented nevi, malignant such as basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, and precancerous such as solar keratosis. If benign skin tumors are not treated properly, they may be transformed into malignant ones, so from the perspective of tumor prevention and treatment, they should not be classified as benign or malignant. The causes of the disease: First, congenital factors or genetic factors, such as congenital pigmented nevus, congenital hemangioma, sebaceous nevus, various epidermal nevi, tuberous sclerosis, multiple hair epithelioma, etc.; many malignant skin tumors have genetic factors, such as squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma. Recently, we came across two fathers and sons, the father is in his 80s with basal cell carcinoma of the head and the son is in his 60s with basal cell carcinoma of the abdomen. Second, various acquired factors: 1, sun exposure, it has been clear that sun exposure can lead to basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and nasty melanoma, etc., 2, diet: such as low-fat diet can reduce basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, etc.; 3, ionizing radiation, various rays; 4, arsenic; 5, various traumas, such as local friction, scars, improper treatment and chronic inflammatory stimulation, etc.; 6, people with low immune function, such as patients who had organ transplantation. Prevention: The prevention of skin tumors also follows the principle of three-level tumor prevention: primary prevention, i.e. etiology prevention, risk factors and etiology, to improve cancer prevention ability and prevent the disease before it happens. Known risk factors such as smoking, alcoholism, unnecessary radiation exposure and occupational exposure should be controlled and eliminated by taking appropriate measures. Pay attention to sun protection, Huzhou is in a low altitude plain area, UV rays are not particularly strong, outdoor SPF>15,PA(++) in autumn and winter, outdoor SPF>30,PA(++++) in spring and summer, and apply enough to a certain amount, but also apply several times. Improve the environment, avoid nuclear leakage, eliminate water pollution, etc. Consume more monounsaturated fatty acids, low-fat, low-salt, low-sugar diet, more fruits, vegetables, foods rich in vitamins A and C and fiber-rich foods and C and fiber-rich foods. Reduce local trauma, with discomfort, seek medical attention in a timely manner, do not just deal with it on your own. Exercise properly to improve resistance. Congenital to do prenatal examination or screening. Secondary pre is early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment. For skin tumors, self-examination of patients is important because most of skin tumors can be seen and touched. For hidden parts such as hair covered parts, vulva and soles of feet should be touched and looked at frequently, for the back you can ask others to help look at it to achieve early detection. When you find something growing on your skin, you should seek medical attention early and let the doctor determine whether it is inflammatory or tumor, malignant or benign, under observation or treatment, conservative or active treatment. We come across many patients who have found it for decades without pain or itching, and do not come to the doctor until it is painful and itchy, and then they may have nerve invasion or metastasis, or destroy important organs. Before treatment, doctors can determine the nature of the lesion from various aspects such as clinical, skin ultrasound, dermoscopy, skin CT (confocal microscopy), CT, MRI, PET-CT, and skin pathology. The third level of prevention is rehabilitation prevention, which is carried out for tumor patients after treatment by various methods to reduce complications, prevent disability, and improve survival rate and quality of life. Pain relief and end-of-life care are provided to patients with advanced disease. It is also important to prevent recurrence. For example, there is a patient with basal cell carcinoma who had the first surgery and recurred again eight years later. In order to prevent recurrence, self-observation and timely consultation are also important. There are more treatment methods for skin tumors, the common ones are: a. Surgery, according to the size of defect, direct suture, flap forming or skin implant, generally benign tumors choose flap forming, while malignant tumors mostly use skin implant; b. Freezing; c. Laser, such as CO2 laser burning, currently photodynamic therapy is more popular, such as solar keratosis, superficial basal cell carcinoma, in situ squamous cell carcinoma, etc. Chemotherapy, local chemotherapy drugs such as 5% 5-FU, bleomycin, imiquimod ointment, etc. are mostly used in dermatology, as well as systemic chemotherapy; v. Radiotherapy. There are also microwave, heat therapy, biological therapy and gene therapy. For malignant tumors, most of the treatments are combined, such as surgical excision followed by PDT and topical imiquimod, and the patient should be followed up. If it is not cut cleanly, patients are advised to add radiotherapy and chemotherapy if necessary. In conclusion, the structure of head and face is complex, and there are numerous various kinds of skin tumors, the same person, may grow multiple skin tumors at the same time. As a patient, one should do more self-examination, and if a rash is found, go to the hospital in time, and leave the rest to the doctor. For skin tumors in other parts of the body, the same principle is followed.