The choice of first-line treatment for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer is generally a combination of two platinum-containing agents that is recommended. The platinum drugs referred to here include cisplatin and carboplatin. Drugs in combination with platinum include vincristine, Kenze, docetaxel, paclitaxel, pemetrexed, etc. Doctors in Japan also recommend Captop in combination with cisplatin for first-line treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. One of the significant advances in the treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer at this stage is the clinical application of targeted drugs, which mainly include drugs that inhibit tumor signaling and anti-angiogenic drugs. The former mainly refers to small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors, which have been used clinically, such as Erysal and Troche. In the past, it was thought that lung cancer was the same all over the world, that is, there was no special difference between races, and lung cancer of Americans and Chinese could be treated with the same methods and drugs. Since the introduction of ERSA into the clinic, oncology clinicians have found that the drug is not effective for all patients, with some patients having very good results and others having no effect. Which patients are likely to have a better outcome with ERSA? Clinical observations have found that adenocarcinoma, women, never smokers, and Asians do better with ERSA, and these patients are known as the superior population for ERSA. It has been said that ERSA is God’s gift to Asian lung cancer patients. Further studies found that patients with EGFR mutations in their tumor tissue, i.e., exon 19 and exon 21 mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor, had a very good outcome. The aforementioned dominant population has a high occurrence of EGFR mutations, reaching about 60%, and Chinese have significantly higher EGFR mutations than Caucasians. At this stage of treatment for patients with first-line options of ERSA or Troche, testing for mutations in EGFR is required and available for those with mutations. Based on the above, one understands that lung cancer is different in different ethnic groups. The clinical use of ERSA and Trospel has made metastatic lung cancer a chronic disease in the true sense of the word.