Since the 1930s, a large number of scholars in Europe, America and Japan have conducted extensive and in-depth research on the rehabilitation of cerebral palsy. Each has created its own unique rehabilitation treatment system. Vojta therapy has been applied in Germany, Japan and other places, and it is effective in treating children with early cerebral palsy, and after the 1960s, the guidance therapy founded by Peto has been applied in many countries with remarkable effects. This section briefly introduces the theoretical basis and basic rehabilitation techniques of the following various schools of thought. Zhang Tingfeng, Rehabilitation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine I. Temple-Fay Therapy Temple-Fay is an American neurosurgeon. He compared human motor development process to 4 different stages: initially reptilian feint writhing; amphibian-like dean crawling movement; mammalian-like limb crawling movement; and finally, advanced movement of standing and walking. When the cerebral cortex is damaged and cortical control is lost, the infant’s primitive reflex movements are controlled and released by the lower centers. temPle-Fay used this primitive reflex movement pattern and designed a treatment method to gradually change the passive movements into active movements and release the spastic state of the infant, and gradually progress from stages l and 2 to stages 3 and 4. The Bobaths are doctors of neurology and famous physiotherapists in England. They conducted a long-term and careful study on children with cerebral palsy since the 1950s, and proposed that the movement disorder of children with cerebral palsy is mainly due to the persistence of primitive reflexes and altered muscle tone after brain damage, resulting in abnormal postures and primitive movement patterns dominating their overall movement and preventing normal random movements. At the same time… The abnormal activity is reinforced by the sensations generated by the abnormal motor patterns. In addition, the normal postural reflexes are delayed or imperfectly developed, resulting in delayed motor development. The Bobath technique was the first technique used in the rehabilitation of cerebral palsy and other neurological paralysis. He proposed to train infants and toddlers according to the law of motor development, so that the children gradually learn to lift their heads – turn over – sit – crawl – **** – stand – walk. the basic techniques of Bobath’s treatment method (a) Inhibitory techniques Reflexive inhibition techniques are used for abnormal spastic postures and movement patterns to inhibit abnormal postures and muscle tone, and are often used to block spasticity. (ii) Facilitative techniques are used to promote normal posture and movement patterns of the child, blocking the afferent of abnormal signals and reinforcing the afferent of normal signals, in order to normalize the movement of the child. By controlling the child’s head, shoulder girdle, pelvis, limbs and other key areas to achieve the above inhibitory and facilitative purposes, see Table 9-1. (C) Sensory stimulation method For children with hypotonia with ataxia or tardive dyskinesia, the use of pressure or resistance weight-bearing method to improve the child’s muscle tone and inhibit involuntary movements: for children with hypotonia can also be used percussion method, the child’s deep and Bobath’s discussion on the pathogenesis of cerebral palsy and the training methods have been widely used in many countries such as Europe and the United States, and have achieved high efficacy and have been highly evaluated by many scholars. Vojta is a German pediatric neurologist who created a set of Vojta postural reflex examination method (see the section on diagnosis) and a unique set of cerebral palsy motor rehabilitation therapy called Vojta induction therapy in the 1960s. The basic point of this therapy is that by pressing the therapist’s finger on a specific part of the child’s body with cerebral palsy (called the trigger point), the child can produce two basic movement patterns: reflex rolling and creeping and crawling, which he called the precursor of all coordinated movements in the human body. Repeated stimulation of the evoked point in the child leads to the emergence of reflexive movement patterns. Eventually, this reflexive movement is transformed into active movement. All the reflex induction techniques can be performed 4 times a day for 10-15 minutes each time, and parents can be instructed to perform them at home. Professor Peto is a Hungarian neuropsychologist who founded the guided education method after the 1960s, advocating that a person (one-on-one) should be responsible for the comprehensive rehabilitation training of children with cerebral palsy, including motor, sensory, intelligence, language and so on. This could increase the trainer’s comprehensive understanding of the child’s learning progress, abilities and difficulties, and also avoid the psychological confusion caused by having multiple therapists train the child according to their own methods. Later, the successors of Peto modified the training environment to facilitate the child’s motor training and activities of daily living training, and changed the one-on-one training method to a group guidance method, in which children with similar conditions are trained in small groups, which is more effective. It combines motor and other therapies with language training into one, emphasizing the educational approach to achieve therapeutic goals. (b) The combination of games and daily life activities training is used to stimulate the child to actively participate in training. (iii) Training is conducted in groups based on group education, thus inducing children to influence each other. Peto therapy is classified as a neuropsychological method. The Domam-DeIecato method was co-founded by G1en Domam, a physical therapist, and Carl H Delccato, an educational psychologist, in the United States in the 1970s. They advocated comprehensive rehabilitation and the adoption of intensive training for children with cerebral palsy. Each person trains for an average of 7 hours per day, and children with severe disease need 14 hours per day, with 30 minutes of training time per unit. Phelps is an American orthopedic surgeon. The main features of the method he created are 3: (a) Selecting certain muscle groups for focused training. (ii) Application of orthopedic devices to correct the deformed areas. (iii) Designing 15 treatment methods for different conditions of children with cerebral palsy. They include: passive movement; semi-assisted movement; active movement; resistance movement; conditioned reflex movement; relaxation movement; post-relaxation activity control; alternating activity; massage; coordination activity; balance activity; limb movement; activity of daily living; comprehensive activity and rest. The Ueda Method was first presented at the 13th Japan Society of Kinesiology in Sendai in July 1988, and the first Japan Ueda Method Therapy Research Society Conference was held in 1991. This method is a therapy that emerged from long-term clinical practice, questioning the Bobath method and the Vojta plus method, whose views are different. This method is particularly effective in relieving contractures in severe cerebral palsy. Because of its simplicity, this method is suitable for application in the home and community, and its mechanism needs further study. Each of the above rehabilitation techniques has its own characteristics, and Vojta therapy was first applied in Japan and in China at the Jiamusi Cerebral Palsy Therapy Center, where many children with cerebral palsy were treated. Subsequently, the Bobath technique and proprioceptive facilitation technique were widely adopted in China. Peto therapy has also been circulating in China in recent years. Many of these therapeutic schools use various ways to stimulate certain target motor neurons in the motor pathway to increase their excitability, produce correct motor output, promote muscle contraction and improve muscle tone. In addition, the process of decreasing the excitability of certain motor neurons, called inhibition techniques, can relieve muscle spasm. In addition to the above treatments, there are many other facilitation techniques. In order to complement each other’s strengths and weaknesses, various facilitation techniques are currently used in the rehabilitation treatment of cerebral palsy in various countries around the world. Therefore, the naming of the treatment techniques also tends to be collectively referred to as facilitation techniques. In some areas of China, such as Beijing, Zhejiang, Shanxi, Liaoning and Shanghai, Chinese medicine, acupuncture and meridian therapy have been used to treat children with cerebral palsy, and promising results have been achieved. Based on the principle of using foreign countries for Chinese and ancient times for the present, the creation of an effective cerebral palsy rehabilitation therapy with Chinese characteristics is one of our main tasks in the future. The ultimate goal of rehabilitation for children with cerebral palsy is to enable them to achieve self-sufficiency in daily living activities and return to society as soon as possible.