In clinical practice, more and more patients are receiving nucleoside analogue antiviral therapy, and nucleoside analogue antiviral therapy has indeed brought great benefits to the majority of patients, with long-term suppression of the virus, stable liver function and improved liver histopathology. Many patients wish to discontinue the drug after long-term use, partly because they are concerned about the safety of long-term use and partly because they fear that long-term use may increase the risk of drug resistance. A survey showed that 90% of patients desire to be able to safely discontinue their medication. The ideal endpoint of chronic hepatitis B treatment is the disappearance of hepatitis B surface antigen, but this goal is difficult to achieve with long-term nucleoside analog therapy. A study called “NEW SWITCH” was conducted at Chongqing Medical University to evaluate the possibility of HBsAg conversion in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients treated with nucleoside analogue C through long-acting interferon conversion therapy. The NEW SWITCH study is a multicenter, randomized, unblinded study. HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients who achieved partial response (response defined as HBVDNA <200 IU/ml and HBeAg conversion) after 1-3 years of nucleoside analogue therapy were included in the study. All subjects were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive long-acting interferon therapy for 48 weeks or 96 weeks (the first 12 weeks in combination with NUC therapy), with follow-up monitoring for 48 weeks after cessation of long-acting interferon therapy. The rate of HBsAg conversion at 48 weeks of treatment was the primary endpoint of this interim analysis. A total of 303 patients were randomized and included in the ITT population. The mean age was 34.2 years. The baseline qHBsAg and HBeAg levels were 3.105 (±0.7844) logIU/ml and -0.654 (±0.1515) logPEIU/ml, respectively. After 48 weeks of treatment, the HBsAg conversion rate and seroconversion rate reached 16.2% and 12.5%. Patients achieving HBsAg ≤1000 IU/ml, ≤100 IU/ml, and ≤10IU/ml were 65.7%, 46.5%, and 25.7%, respectively. A total of 58.7% of patients achieved HBeAg serological conversion. Across the study, 91.7% of subjects maintained HBV DNA suppression and 59.1% achieved ALT reversion (defined as ALT ≤ ULN). Patients with low qHBsAg levels (<1500 IU/ml) at baseline achieved higher rates of HBsAg conversion and higher rates of HBsAg <10 IU/ml at the end of the analysis (31.2% and 47.8%, respectively). In this study, it was found that patients who had undergone long-term nucleoside analogue antiviral therapy could be converted to long-acting interferon antiviral therapy to achieve hepatitis B surface antigen conversion, especially for patients with hepatitis B surface antigen quantification below 1500 IU/ml, and this "relay" antiviral therapy could be applied to remove This is especially true for patients with hepatitis B surface antigen quantification below 1500 IU/ml.