1. What kind of symptoms are considered epilepsy? There are many different symptoms of epileptic seizures, and it can be said that there are as many epileptic symptoms as there are functions of the brain. Generally the following should be considered as possible epilepsy: (1) Shaking (clonic) or tonicity of the whole body or one side of a limb, which returns to normal within a short period of time. (2) Sudden onset of confusion, with or without speech or motor abnormalities, returning to normal within a short period of time and not being able to recall it afterwards. (3) Lightning-like shaking of a single limb or the whole body, followed by a return to normal. (4) Sudden tipping or falling of the body, followed by return to normal. (5) Repetition of stereotyped movements at night. 2. Do all children of epileptic patients have epilepsy? Can epileptic patients have children? Although epilepsy has a genetic predisposition, the effect on the next generation is not 100%, generally speaking. Only 5% of the children of epilepsy patients develop epilepsy, which is a small probability event. Therefore, epilepsy patients can have children, especially with the emergence of many new antiepileptic drugs, the incidence of drug-induced fetal malformations has been significantly reduced, so that the fertility concerns of epilepsy patients have been significantly reduced. 3.What are the common mistakes we and our families make in epilepsy treatment? The most common is not adhere to the long-term formal medication, a kind of rush, hoping to cure in a short period of time, once a seizure occurs after the use of drugs, without first looking for the cause of the seizure, on their own to increase the amount of or change the drug? A kind of is a period of time after good control will be all the precautions forget all, and even self-reduced, omitted to take medication, or even stop their own medication, which is also a common cause of epilepsy persistent state. There are also patients who believe in the publicity of some cure, cure-all, believe in some so-called single prescription, secret recipe, resulting in a delay in the formal treatment. 4.How to help him when having a seizure? Protection: (1) pay attention to safety, avoid fire, water, electricity, heat, machines and other dangerous places to prevent accidents and injuries. (2) Avoid triggers: such as fever, fatigue, constipation, hunger, alcohol, shock, emotional impulsivity. (3) Lay the patient down flat with head tilted to one side to prevent asphyxiation and aspiration pneumonia. (4) Undo the collar and trouser belt: to facilitate the opening of the airway. (5) Roll towels, handkerchiefs folded or strips of wrapped gauze tongue depressor inserted between the upper and lower teeth to prevent bites. (6) Do not press hard on the patient’s limbs to prevent fractures or dislocations. (7) Prevent self-injury, injury, or disfigurement in automatic patients with psychomotor seizures. (8) When epileptic seizure persists, keep the airway open, give oxygen to try to abort respiratory distress, and prepare for tracheotomy if necessary. Diet: (1) Eat regularly, eat every meal on time, avoid hunger and overeating. (2) Diet is light, easy to digest, rich in nutrients. Eat more vegetables and fruits, avoid spicy stimulating food, quit smoking and alcohol. Medication guidance: medication should pay attention to observe the adverse drug reactions. Such as: dry mouth, drowsiness, ataxia, fatigue, dizziness, memory loss. According to the patient’s typing, rational arrangement of medication, should pay attention to check the blood routine during the use of drugs, two months should check the liver and kidney function, the use of drugs should start from a small dose and gradually increase the amount to reduce the adverse drug reactions. Don’t stop or reduce the dosage by yourself, you should take the medicine under the guidance of the doctor. Functional exercise: (1) Seizure control: Symptoms are relieved without mental abnormality can be appropriate activities and work. (2) When seizures are more frequent, indoor activities should be restricted, and if necessary, bed rest should be provided, with protective barriers to prevent falls. 5.Why do epileptic patients need frequent follow-up? When should I go for follow-up consultation? Although doctors will explain when prescribing epilepsy medication that it should be taken for at least 2-5 years before it can be gradually reduced, patients sometimes have the following situations: (1) After taking the medication, the seizures are completely controlled, and the patient keeps on taking it regardless of whether there are any side effects of the medication. (2) Seizures still occur after taking the medication and continue to take the medication without adjusting the dosage. (3) Taking the medication for 2-5 years without seizures, and reducing or stopping the medication on their own. Therefore, in order to avoid the above situations, it is recommended that epilepsy patients should take medication under the guidance of their doctors throughout the treatment process, so that through the follow-up examination, on the one hand, the doctor can find out what kind of antiepileptic drugs are suitable for the patient, and what dosage is suitable for the patient, and at the same time, can find out the early toxicity and side effects of some medications, and deal with them accordingly. On the other hand, through the follow-up in the course of treatment, according to the patient’s seizure control, through the detection of drug blood concentration, adjusting drug dosage, timely detection of toxic side effects of drugs and treatment. If the seizure control is not good, we can guide to adjust the drug dose or change the drug safely. In addition, safe drug reduction can be guided to minimize the risk of relapse. In general, during the medication adjustment phase, follow-up should be done once every 2-4 weeks, and once the seizures are under control and there are no obvious toxic side effects, follow-up can be done once every 3 months to 6 months. If there is any change in condition or toxic side effects during the period, follow-up should be made at any time. What should we pay attention to migraine? Migraine is a common disease, for episodic neurovascular dysfunction, characterized by recurrent episodes, the prevalence of more than 10% of the total population, more women than men, the main manifestation of severe headache on both sides of the head, headache for the drilling headache or throbbing pain, often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, anorexia, lasting for a long time, the headache part of the left and right indeterminate, migraine in my department is more common, pay attention to the following points will be (1) Reasonable arrangement of the patient’s work and rest, to avoid overwork and unstable emotions, such as tension, anxiety and so on. (2) When headache occurs, the patient should observe the nature, time, degree, and whether it is accompanied by other symptoms or signs, such as vomiting, decreased vision, limb convulsions and other multi-organic headache, and should be sent to the hospital or contact with the doctor immediately for treatment of the cause. (3) Mild headache, can be symptomatic treatment, and remove allergic factors, such as suspected food is one of the factors in the onset of migraine, such as eggs, dairy, meat; headache severe, frequent vomiting and difficulty in sleeping, may be appropriate to give analgesic, sleeping agent and other symptomatic treatment and need to rest in bed. (4) Pay attention to the combination of work and rest, avoid overwork and unstable emotions, dietary moderation, do not drink alcohol and smoking. (5) Pay attention to personal hygiene, prevent infection, if there is dental disease, dental disease should be treated first; female patients who take contraceptives with frequent headache episodes, and gradually aggravated, can be changed to other forms of contraception.