Patients in coma all show symptoms of blunted light reflex, but there are many causes of coma, and without careful differential diagnosis, it is easy to misdiagnose and cause serious consequences. The most common causes of coma are cerebrovascular accidents (cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, etc.), acute poisoning, and hypoglycemic coma. Emergency management to minimize the treatment-free period of comatose patients is the most critical to successful treatment or to save lives. The main reasons for the high mortality rate of cardiogenic coma are the sudden onset, the long treatment-free period, and missing the best time for resuscitation. Ventricular fibrillation is the main cause of cardiogenic coma, and the American Heart Association states that the success rate of electrical defibrillation within 1 min is as high as 90%, and resuscitation within 5 min of cardiac arrest is the golden time. Keep the airway unobstructed The comatose person should be positioned in a lateral head-down position and with the head tilted to the side, and vomit and sputum should be drawn out in time to prevent airway obstruction. Attention should be paid to prevent the tongue from falling back to prevent the larynx from closing. When respiratory distress occurs, it indicates central nervous system failure and should be treated with oxygen in time. Respiratory stimulants should also be given. If necessary, tracheal intubation or tracheotomy should be performed, and respiratory support should be given by artificial ventilator. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy can be performed immediately in individual cases (carbon monoxide poisoning, etc.). Emergency treatment of comatose patients starts with rapid opening of intravenous access, if necessary, two or three veins must be opened. The amount of fluid and the nature of the fluid, as well as the speed of infusion, must be cautious before the cause of the disease is known, and it is better to use balanced fluids first. The use of glucose fluids in hyperglycemic coma can aggravate the coma. The principle of fluid infusion in emergency for comatose patients is to solve the problem of access first, followed by the problem of volume to maintain life. Antibiotics The use of antibiotics in comatose patients, one is required for treatment; rather, it is for preventive use. The principle is to use them rationally and not to abuse them. Symptomatic management Coma caused by poisoning through the gastrointestinal tract, promptly induce diarrhea, induce vomiting and gastric lavage. Intracranial hypertension occurs from time to time and can be treated with 20% mannitol dehydration. Coma accompanied by convulsions must be treated with effective sedative and antispasmodic measures. General hyperthermia can be treated with common antipyretic and analgesic drugs. For patients with ultra-high fever, a combination of physical and pharmacological cooling is applied to reduce their energy and metabolic consumption and protect brain function.