Early diagnosis and timely treatment are the keys to improve the cure rate of laryngeal cancer. Diagnosis relies on symptoms, examination and biopsy. Anyone who is over 40 years old and has hoarseness or other laryngeal discomfort for more than 3 weeks must have a careful examination of the larynx, and sometimes even multiple reviews are needed. In order to avoid missing the diagnosis. 1, indirect laryngoscopy usually adopts the method of systematic observation from top to bottom, that is, according to the root of the tongue, the lingual surface of the epiglottis, the edge of the epiglottis, the laryngeal surface of the epiglottis, bilateral aryepiglottic folds, the aryepiglottic cartilage, the interaryepiglottic area, the ventricular zone, the laryngeal chambers, the vocal folds, the bilateral pear-shaped fossa, the posterior ring, the pharyngeal wall in order to observe, especially pay attention to the root of the epiglottis, the anterior union and the laryngeal chamber. If the epiglottis is posteriorly inclined and the anterior union cannot be seen, the epiglottis can be drawn forward with an epiglottis hook or laryngeal roll cotton under surface anesthesia. 2.Direct laryngoscopy is valuable for determining the scope of tumor and taking biopsies for pathological examination. The disadvantage is the same as indirect laryngoscopy, that is, the light source and the longitudinal axis of the larynx are the same, so it is not easy to see the lesions on the laryngeal surface of the epiglottis and within the larynx, and the patient is in pain during the examination. 3, fiberoptic laryngoscopy fiberoptic laryngoscope because of its soft, thin, bendable, and strong illumination, can be close to the vocal cords for observation. Connecting the fiber laryngoscope with TV camera system, the process of lesion can be dynamically observed, which is conducive to early detection of tumor. 4.Laryngeal dynamic microscopy can detect early vocal fold cancer by observing the vibration of vocal folds. 5.Palpation carefully touches whether there are enlarged lymph nodes in the neck. Pay attention to whether the laryngeal contour is normal, whether the laryngeal body is enlarged, whether the anterior epiglottis gap is full, whether there is tenderness, whether there is a mass in the soft tissue and thyroid gland in front of the neck, and whether there is a sense of laryngeal friction. 6.Imaging examination includes laryngeal lateral X-ray, laryngeal body layer radiography, laryngeal CT scan and MRI examination, which can show the scope of tumor involvement, whether there is any involvement in the parapharyngeal space, whether there is any involvement under the voice box and the scope of involvement. 7. Biopsy is the main basis for confirming the diagnosis of laryngeal cancer. The specimen can be collected under indirect laryngoscope, direct laryngoscope or fiberoptic laryngoscope, but attention should be paid to the central part of the tumor and not on the ulcerated surface of the tumor, because the tissues there are often necrotic. Generally speaking, cancer tissues are more brittle and easy to be taken, but nodules and mass tumors sometimes need repeated biopsies to be confirmed. New organisms with smooth, reddish surface under the acoustic portal should not be taken rashly, because they may be displaced thyroid glands and there is a risk of bleeding leading to asphyxia during surgery. In general, biopsies should not be too large or too deep to avoid bleeding. For those with suspicious clinical symptoms and negative biopsies, repeated biopsies should be performed. If there is no positive result after 2 to 3 times and laryngeal cancer cannot be clinically excluded, specimens can be taken under the laryngeal laceration and rapid intraoperative sectioning can be performed to prepare for laryngeal cancer surgery in advance; once the diagnosis is confirmed, surgical resection can be performed according to the principles of tumor surgery and the appropriate surgical style can be selected according to the extent of the lesion.