Treatment of respiratory diseases
I. Cold
Cold, commonly known as typhoid, is the most common disease in children. The disease can occur throughout the year, but the incidence is highest at the turn of autumn and winter, when the climate is changing, and at the turn of winter and spring, when there are alternating hot and cold. Children’s internal organs are delicate, and after getting sick, they are prone to phlegm, stagnation, shock and heat into wheezing, which are the characteristics of children’s cold and should be noted clinically.
Some common infectious diseases in children can also be manifested as cold symptoms in the early stage, so we must be vigilant and pay attention to avoid delaying treatment.
Etiology]
The occurrence of this disease is closely related to climate change, and is usually most likely to develop when the temperature is low, or suddenly becomes cold. The main cause of cold is external wind and cold. Once the external climate changes suddenly, when the cold and heat are not normal, it is easy to be invaded by external evil and cause disease.
The lung is the main respiratory organ, the larynx, the nose and the skin. The wind evil enters from the nose, mouth and skin, and is guest of the lung guard, resulting in the loss of regulation of the surface guard, the loss of lung qi promotion and the appearance of vicious cold, fever, headache, nasal congestion, runny nose, cough, etc. The lung loses its purification, the fluid condenses into phlegm, and the phlegm blocks the airway, resulting in lung closure and phlegm asthma.
In children, the spleen is often deficient, and after feeling the wind evil, it will affect the function of the spleen and stomach to transport and transform, resulting in vomiting and diarrhea due to stagnation of milk and food.
If the evil heat does not subside, it disturbs the mind and induces liver wind to cause irritability and convulsions.
Clinical manifestations]
Pediatric colds, according to the performance of clinical symptoms, are divided into two types of wind-cold colds and wind-heat colds.
1, wind-cold cold Fever, fear of cold, no sweating, nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing, head and body pain, itchy throat, cough, thin sputum, light red tongue, thin white fur, floating and tight pulse, light red fingerprints.
2.Febrile cold High fever, slight cold, little sweat, sneezing, nasal congestion, yellow snot, headache, red face, red throat, cough with yellow sputum, slightly red tongue, thin white moss or both yellow and white, floating pulse, red and purple fingerprints.
Tuina Treatment
Treatment: Clearing heat and relieving symptoms, dispersing external evil.
Prescription Push Zanzhu, push Kanguang, rub the sun, clear the lung meridian and clear the river water. For wind-cold, add pushing San Guan, pinching and rubbing Er Fan Men, and taking Feng Chi; for wind-heat, add pushing Chi.
For clearing the lung meridian, clearing the river water to promote the lung and clear heat; pushing Tianmen (Zanzhu), pushing Kanguang, rubbing the Sun to dispel the wind and relieve the exterior evil; for wind-cold, pushing Sanguan, pinching and rubbing Erfanmen, taking Fengchi to dispel the wind evil, and dispelling sweat to relieve the exterior; for wind-heat, pushing the spine, pushing more Qingheshui to clear heat and relieve the exterior.
If you have cough, phlegm and asthma, add pushing and rubbing Tanzhong, rubbing Lung Yu, rubbing Fenglong, and transporting the inner eight trigrams; if you also see distention and fullness in the abdomen, do not think of milk and food, belching and vomiting, add rubbing Zhonggui, pushing and rubbing Panmen, pushing Yin and Yang in the abdomen, and pushing Tianzhu; if you also see restlessness and sleeplessness, add clearing the lung meridian, pinching and rubbing the intersection of fish, and pinching and rubbing the five knuckles.
Cough
With sound without phlegm is called cough, with phlegm without sound is called cough. In fact, cough is not all without cough, and cough is not all without cough, so it is generally called cough.
Cough is a common symptom of pediatric disease that can develop throughout the year, and is especially common in winter and spring. The causes of cough vary and there are many different types of coughs. Coughs can be caused by external evil attacking the lungs, and coughs can also occur when other internal lung diseases involve the lungs. Therefore, it is important to conduct a comprehensive examination and carefully analyze the correct diagnosis and treatment. Clinically, coughs are generally divided into two categories: coughs caused by external influences and coughs caused by internal injuries, and coughs caused by external influences are more common in children.
Etiology and pathology
1. Extrinsic cough This disease is most often caused by the inability of the body to maintain its external function and the invasion of wind and cold and other external evils during the cold season or sudden climate changes.
The lungs are the main organ of the body’s gas flow, which is the main organ of the five viscera. Once the human body is attacked by external evil, either from the mouth and nose, or from the skin and hair, the lungs will be the first offender. When the lung is congested and not pronounced, the clearing and purification of the lung is out of order, which affects the purification and lowering of the lung qi and leads to coughing.
2. Internal injury cough This disease is mostly caused by external sensations, coughs that have not been cured for a long time or have been transformed by failure to cure; or weakness of the lungs, or diseases of the spleen and kidneys that involve the lungs. If the lung loses its moistening effect, the lung Qi will rebel and cough with less phlegm; if the lung Qi is insufficient, the cough will be short of breath. The spleen is the source of phlegm, and the lung is the reservoir of phlegm. If the lung is insufficiently aerated and affects the spleen, the spleen loses its health and fluid cannot be transformed into essence, but instead produces dampness and accumulates as phlegm. If phlegm accumulates in the lungs, it affects the flow of Qi and causes coughing. Cold injures the kidneys for a long time, and a deficiency in the kidneys prevents them from absorbing qi and affects the transmission and transformation of fluids and the lift of lung qi. If the body’s qi-transformation function is not normal, water and qi cannot follow the normal pattern and accumulate as a problem, which can lead to shortness of breath and a weak cough.
Clinical manifestations
1. Extrinsic cough
(1) Wind-cold cough Initial cough without sputum or with little sputum, stuffy nose and clear runny nose, head and body pain, vicious cold without fever or with slight fever, no sweating, thin white fur, slow or tight floating pulse, and light red fingerprints.
(2) Wind-heat cough: cough with thick yellow phlegm, unpleasant coughing, fever and wind, sweating, thirst and dry lips, yellow runny nose, dry and painful or itchy throat, constipation, yellow urine, red tongue with yellow moss, pulse count, and bright red fingerprints.
2.Cough with internal injuries
(1) Yang deficiency cough Cough is unpleasant, sputum is thin and white, stool is loose, face is banging white, sweating easily, fatigue, cold in the extremities, loss of appetite, shortness of breath when moving, moss is thin and white, tongue is light red, pulse is slow and weak.
(2) Yin deficiency cough: dry cough without or with little phlegm, spitting of sticky phlegm, dry throat, dry stools, even bitter mouth, low fever or no fever, red tongue without moss, thin string or fine pulse.
[Tuina Treatment
1. External cough
Treatments: Expel the surface of the lung and stop cough.
Prescription Push Tianmen, push Kanguo, rub the Sun, clear the lung meridian, transport the internal bagua, push and rub Tanzhong, rub the breast side, rub the lung Yu, and push the scapula.
The formula is to push the Tianmen, push the Kangong, rub the Sun to remove wind and relieve the surface; push and rub the Tanzhong, transport the inner Bagua to broaden the chest and regulate the Qi, resolve phlegm and stop cough; clear the Lung meridian, rub the breast side, rub the Lung Yu, and push the scapula to promote the lung and resolve phlegm and stop cough.
If the wind is cold, add pushing the three gates and pinching and rubbing the two fan doors; if the wind is hot, add clearing the Tianhe water; if the phlegm is heavy and wheezing, with dry and wet rosacea, add pushing the small transverse lines and rubbing the small transverse lines of the palm.
2.Cough with internal injury
Treatment Strengthen the spleen and nourish the lung, stop cough and resolve phlegm.
Prescription: Tonify the spleen meridian, tonify the lung meridian, transport the internal eight trigrams, push and rub Tanzhong, transport the internal eight trigrams to broaden the chest and regulate the qi, resolve phlegm and stop cough; rub the breast side, rub Lung Yu to promote the lung and stop cough; rub the middle epigastric, press and rub the foot three li to strengthen the spleen and stomach to help transport and transform.
For prolonged coughing and asthma, add tonifying the kidney meridian, pushing San Guan and kneading the spine; for coughing with Yin deficiency, add rubbing Er Ma; for coughing with phlegm, add rubbing Feng Long and Tian Tu.
Third, bronchial asthma
Asthma is a common respiratory disease in children, often characterized clinically by paroxysmal dyspnea, prolonged expiration, croup in the throat, and in severe cases, difficulty in lying down with the mouth open and shoulders raised. It is mostly seen in the spring and autumn. The disease is triggered by sudden climatic changes, inappropriate cold and temperature, and improper diet. The ancients thought that croup was different from asthma, and it was said in the Medical Journal that “those who have a wheezing throat like the sound of water are called croup, and those who have shortness of breath and cannot rest continuously are called asthma. However, in clinical practice, asthma must be accompanied by wheezing, so it is generally referred to as asthma. Pediatric asthma mostly refers to bronchial asthma.
Etiology and pathology
The formation of pediatric asthma has both internal and external causes. It is said in the “Evidence and Treatment Replenishment” that “the internal cause is congestion, the external cause is untimely sensation, and the phlegm in the diaphragm is gummed up, and the three are combined to close the airway and reject the airway, and there is a sound in the fight, and asthma develops.
1. Internal causes The occurrence of this disease is related to the deficiency of the lung, spleen and kidney. The lung is deficient in the surface guard and the phlegm is internal; the spleen is deficient in transport and transformation and cannot carry out its fluids, so the accumulated dampness generates phlegm and is stored in the lung; the kidney is deficient in the air, so it is short of breath and asthma.
2, external causes Climate change, cold and temperature imbalance, external evil invade the lungs, suction and descent are not normal, the lungs are congested, breathing is not conducive, and gas is reversed, resulting in asthma.
Asthma develops due to external factors acting on internal factors. Children with specific constitution are particularly sensitive to certain stimuli, such as external wind and cold or improper diet, excessive consumption of cold or salty food, etc., which can often lead to an attack. Repeated attacks may lead to the dissipation of lung qi, lung deficiency and kidney deficiency over the course of the disease, resulting in deficiency of kidney yang.
Asthma can be divided into cold, hot and cold asthma with yang deficiency. The book “Jing Yue Quan Shu” contains: “Asthma has long-standing roots and is also known as asthma when it occurs when it is cold or when it occurs when it is strained”. When the patient feels wind and cold externally, the cold will cause the lung to become phlegm, or when the body is deficient in yang, the cold will cause the phlegm to become asthma because the gas does not transform the fluid. If the body is Yin deficient and the phlegm and heat are in the lung, or if the cold phlegm has been in the lung for a long time and turns into heat, the asthma will develop. Recurrent asthma attacks, depletion of lung qi, deficiency of kidney yang, and lack of qi intake are cold asthma and yang deficiency.
Clinical manifestations
The main symptoms of asthma are shortness of breath, coughing and breath reversal, coughing in the throat, difficulty in breathing, prolonged expiration, difficulty in lying down, coughing up phlegm, or even opening the mouth and lifting the shoulders, white face and blue lips, tiredness and cold limbs, and sweating.
1.Cold asthma Coughing and wheezing, phlegm sound in the throat, spitting sputum, white and foamy, cold and no sweat, pale or blue face, unheated limbs, no thirst or thirst for hot drinks, clear and long urine, light red tongue, thin white coating, number of pulses or floating and slippery, light fingerprints.
2.Heat Asthma Coughing and wheezing, breath-holding, unable to lie down, phlegm sounding in the throat, phlegm thick and yellow, fever and red face, chest and diaphragm full, restlessness, thirst for cold drinks, urine yellow and red, stool dry and constipated, tongue red, moss thin yellow or yellow thick, pulse floating, fingerprints deep red.
3.Cold asthma and Yang deficiency In addition to the symptoms of cold asthma mentioned above, it is accompanied by blue face and purple lips, no thirst, tiredness and weakness, little food and dullness, head sweating, opening mouth and lifting shoulders, sitting and panting, lack of warmth in the extremities, clear and long urine, light tongue, thin white fur, moist and weak pulse, and light white fingerprints.
[Tuina Treatment
Treatment: Lowering Qi, calming asthma, broadening the chest and resolving phlegm.
Prescription: Clear the lung meridian, push and rub Tanzhong, rub Tiantu, rub the rib cage, rub Lung Yu, and carry out internal Bagua.
The formula includes rubbing Tiantu, rubbing the rib cage to lower qi and induce phlegm, pushing and rubbing Danzhong, carrying out the inner Bagua, rubbing Lung Yu, clearing the Lung meridian, broadening the chest and promoting lung circulation, lowering qi, calming asthma and resolving phlegm.
For hot asthma, add clearing Tianheshui; for cold asthma, add pushing San Guan and rubbing Wai Lao; for long-standing illness, deficiency of Yang Qi and kidney failure to receive Qi, add pushing San Guan, tonifying Spleen meridian, tonifying Kidney meridian, rubbing Dan Tian, clearing Lung meridian instead of tonifying Lung meridian.