Gout is a group of diseases caused by disorders of purine metabolism and/or decreased uric acid excretion due to genetic or acquired causes. It is characterized clinically by hyperuricemia, gout stone deposits, and characteristic recurrent acute and chronic arthritis, which in severe cases can lead to joint immobility and deformity. If gout is not properly treated, it can involve the kidneys and cause chronic interstitial nephritis and uric acid kidney stone formation, and even lead to gouty nephropathy. Acute gouty arthritis is the most common first symptom of gout, the majority of the initial onset of the disease only affects a single joint, with the first metatarsophalangeal joint being the most common (about 60% to 70%), followed by the dorsalis pedis, heel, ankle, knee, wrist and elbow joints, and can lead to limb deformity and disability in advanced cases. In gouty arthritis, uric acid crystals in the blood are deposited in joint cartilage, joint capsule, synovium, ligament, tendon sheath and subcutaneous tissue, forming gouty nodules. A typical attack usually starts rapidly, and the pain in the affected area is more intense, with pain of a cutting, biting nature and redness, swelling, heat and pain in the joint and surrounding tissues. Gouty arthritis can occur at any age, but the peak age of onset is around 40 years old and is more common in men. So, how is gouty arthritis treated? The treatment of gouty arthritis includes conservative treatment and surgical treatment, the following is a brief introduction: 1. The treatment should be based on alkaline food such as vegetables, fruits and so on to alkalize urine. 2.Medication: colchicine, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticoids, etanercept, etc. 3, other: avoid using drugs that affect uric acid excretion, remove the triggers, such as alcohol consumption, mental tension, etc. Arthroscopic surgery Long-term drug treatment has obvious side effects, while traditional open surgery treatment is traumatic, long recovery time, and prone to postoperative joint stiffness and other complications. Arthroscopy not only helps to make a clear diagnosis at an early stage, but also allows for a one-stage joint cleanup to remove urate crystals deposited on the cartilage surface and synovial surface, and removes the urate crystals deposited in the joint cavity by flushing the joint cavity with a large amount of saline to reduce the inflammatory reaction in the joint and delay the occurrence of osteoarthritis. Arthroscopic debridement can achieve results that are difficult to achieve with drug therapy and simple joint cavity irrigation. The reasons for this are: 1. Joint cleaning and large amounts of saline irrigation can rapidly reduce the urate content of the joint cavity, thus alleviating the acute inflammatory response caused by high concentrations of urate crystals stimulating the intra-articular structures. 2, Removal of a large amount of inflammatory mediators from the joint fluid. 3.The synovial membrane with congestion and hyperplasia and uric acid crystals deposition is removed, which reduces the production and exudation of inflammatory substances. 4.Microscopic cleaning of gout stones, forming cartilage damage areas, restoring cartilage finish and reducing mechanical wear effect. In conclusion, in order to reduce the uric acid content in the body, prevent further destruction of joints and soft tissues, and improve joint function, arthroscopic surgery is the most effective method to not only diagnose and treat gouty arthritis at an early stage, but also delay or even reverse the development of gouty arthritis under the premise of adhering to basic and medical treatment. Moreover, arthroscopic surgery has the advantages of less trauma, faster recovery and fewer complications, and the patient’s pain is rapidly relieved after surgery, which greatly shortens the course of treatment and hospitalization time and improves the efficacy of surgery.