Third lumbar transverse process refers to third lumbar transverse process syndrome. Surgery is generally not very risky, but there is some risk if the person is older with a history of underlying medical conditions such as heart disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Transverse third lumbar vertebra syndrome is a chronic back pain characterized by significant pressure and pain in the transverse process of the third lumbar vertebra, which is especially common in manual laborers. Early diagnosis and treatment, and improvement of poor living and working habits, usually have a good prognosis. The vast majority of patients can improve their symptoms with conservative treatment. In rare cases where symptoms are persistent and conservative treatment is ineffective, surgery can be performed to remove part of the transverse process. Generally, there is little risk, but in older patients or patients with chronic diseases, there are some risks associated with the surgery, and the common risks include infections, nerve injuries, decubitus ulcers, crashing pneumonia, and deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremities. Third lumbar transverse herniation syndrome should maintain a good attitude and actively cooperate with the treatment, and it is recommended to comprehensively consider whether to operate under the guidance of the doctor.