Many patients who find a mass in their lungs often ask how they can have surgery before they are even diagnosed with the disease. Yes, usually we will give the patient a more definite diagnosis before surgery and then decide whether to operate or not. Generally, this more definite diagnosis cannot be fully confirmed by CT imaging features, and the accuracy of this imaging diagnosis can only reach about 80% even for the most experienced physicians, which requires the use of bronchoscopic biopsy or CT-guided lung aspiration biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. This is like catching a criminal, we use the scene, clues (shadowing such as lobes, burrs, pleural traction signs), and initially consider who the suspect is (what the diagnosis tends to be), then we need to look for evidence (biopsy results). However, sometimes a bronchoscopic biopsy or CT-guided lung aspiration biopsy does not yield a definitive diagnosis, and surgery is relied upon in this case. There is also a situation where the patient is not suitable or willing to undergo a bronchoscopic biopsy or CT-guided lung aspiration biopsy, and in this case, surgery can also be used to confirm the diagnosis through a rapid intraoperative pathology biopsy, and then, based on the intraoperative pathology results, decide whether to proceed to the next step. Surgery not only has a therapeutic function, but also a diagnostic function, and of course the surgery can be entirely minimally invasive thoracoscopic surgery.