Cerebral infarction is an irreversible disease with high morbidity, so cerebral infarction is characterized by high recurrence rate and high disability rate, and the recovery period treatment for patients with cerebral infarction is very important. The prevention and treatment of cerebral infarction should start from diet, exercise, medication and risk factor control, especially for patients with cerebral infarction, the purpose of prevention is to improve symptoms and prevent the progression and recurrence of cerebral infarction.
Prevention and treatment of cerebral infarction should include two ABCDEs, which should be carried out in all stages of the acute late stage, recovery period and sequelae period of cerebral infarction.
The first ABCDE
A. Aspirin (Aspirine)
Mainly antiplatelet agglutination and release, prevention of atherosclerosis thrombosis, from the clinical point of view, regular daily intake of Bay aspirin 75-150 mg, can effectively prevent the recurrence of cerebral infarction.
B. Blood pressure and lipids (Blood pressure control)
The higher the blood pressure is, the greater the chance of cerebral infarction or recurrence of cerebral infarction; high blood pressure makes the blood sticky and the blood flow slow, which reduces the amount of blood supplied to the brain; on the other hand, it damages the blood vessels and forms atherosclerotic plaques in the vessel wall, which directly leads to the occurrence and development of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Hypertension and hyperlipidemia are both primary high-risk factor diseases, and effective treatment can prevent the recurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases;
C. Chinese medicine
Chinese medicine can lower blood pressure, lower blood viscosity, improve microcirculation, antioxidant, antithrombotic, eliminate blood stasis, etc., which has certain effect on the progress of cerebral infarction.
D. Diabetes control
More than 80% of diabetes causes abnormal lipid metabolism, often accompanied by atherosclerosis and hyperlipidemia complicating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and the increased glucose content in the blood also increases blood viscosity and coagulation, which is conducive to the formation of cerebral infarction. Diabetic patients should adopt a low-calorie, low-sugar diet and use glucose-lowering drugs appropriately;
E. Rehabilitation education (Education) Strengthen the knowledge of prevention of cerebral infarction, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis and hypertension. Actively intervene in risk factors, so that patients can patiently accept long-term prevention and treatment measures and actively cooperate with drug therapy.
The second ABCDE
A. Active exercise (Accumulates exercise)
Patients with cerebral infarction should choose according to their personal physical condition, and should perform appropriate and moderate physical exercise and physical activities to the extent that they do not feel fatigued. It is not appropriate to do strenuous exercise, such as running, climbing, etc., but can be aerobic exercise such as walking, soft gymnastics, tai chi, etc.
B. Weight control (BMI control)
Reduce weight so that the body mass index (height divided by weight squared) is maintained at 18.5-24.9kg/m2 and waist circumference <85cm, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of cerebral infarction.
C. Quit smoking and limit alcohol (Cigarette quitting)
Cigarettes contain more than 3,000 kinds of harmful substances, and nicotine inhalation in the body can stimulate the vegetative nerves, make the blood vessels spasm, heart rate increase, blood pressure increase, blood cholesterol increase, thus accelerating atherosclerosis; quit or limit alcohol.
D.Rational diet (Diet)
Food diversity, cereal-based; eat more peaches, oranges, bananas, spinach, beans, sweet potatoes, potatoes, coarse grains, nuts, seaweed, eat milk, beans or their products every day; often eat an appropriate amount of fish, poultry, eggs, lean meat, less fatty meat, skin, hooves and meat dishes; food and physical activity to balance, maintain the appropriate weight; eat light less salt, less sugar diet, should be reduced to about 6 grams of salt per day.
E. Emotional stability (Emotion)
Optimism, stable emotions, a comfortable and balanced mind is not only an important factor in the prevention of cardiovascular disease, but also the key and secret to achieving a long life.