Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies and its mortality rate is second only to lung cancer. Globally, there are about 934,000 new cases of gastric cancer each year. About 734,000 patients die, of which China and Japan account for about 56%. At present, the overall treatment effect of gastric cancer is still unsatisfactory. In the absence of effective prevention means, early detection and standardized treatment are the keys to improve the outcome. So far, surgery for gastric cancer occupies a dominant position in the treatment of gastric cancer. Early gastric cancer accounts for only about 7.5% of gastric cancer cases found in China, while most of them are progressive gastric cancer, so it is especially important to perform standardized radical gastric cancer surgery. Radical gastric cancer surgery refers to surgery with the aim and standard of radical resection, which requires resection of more than 2/3 of stomach and D2 lymph node dissection. The standardization of radical gastric cancer surgery means the specification of surgical principles, which refers to the selection of the best surgical treatment plan according to the different stages, preoperative status, intraoperative conditions and even different hospital conditions and doctors’ level of patients. As early gastric cancer and progressive gastric cancer are obviously different in terms of molecular biological behavior, clinicopathological manifestations and treatment prognosis, their radical surgery treatment strategies and principles are also quite different. In the radical surgical treatment of progressive gastric cancer, lymph node dissection plays a crucial role, firstly, because of the biological behavior of lymphatic metastasis of gastric cancer, which is more than hematogenous metastasis, and secondly, because local lymph node metastasis is an independent prognostic factor of gastric cancer, and accurate pathological staging requires extended lymph node dissection and routine microscopic examination of resected lymph nodes. There has been a debate between East and West regarding the extent of lymphatic clearance. Eastern oncologists, represented by surgeons from China, Japan and Korea, believe that radical gastrectomy and prophylactic complete resection of regional lymph nodes at stations 1 and 2 (D2) are necessary to achieve radical resection and cure of the disease in order to remove all lesions and reduce the possibility of local recurrence. In addition, an accurate pathological staging of the patient can be obtained. However, Western surgeons consider lymph node metastasis as only a marker for the development of metastasis in gastric cancer, predicting systemic and extensive tumor dissemination as well as a poor prognosis. While complications and mortality after D2 and above debulking are significantly higher than D1 debulking, there is no evidence that D2 debulking increases the long-term survival of patients with gastric cancer, so only standard gastrectomy and regional lymph node dissection at station 1 are required for definitive staging. However, with the publication of the results of several large randomized clinical trials in recent years and the gradual improvement of communication between scholars from the East and the West, D2 lymphatic dissection is gradually being recognized by Western scholars as the standard radical procedure for gastric cancer in the progressive stage. According to the size of the tumor, whether the perigastric organs are involved and the degree of lymph node metastasis, the radical surgical treatment of progressive gastric cancer can be divided into two categories: standard radical surgery and extended resection. Standard radical surgery refers to radical gastrectomy (more than 2/3 of the stomach) and complete removal of regional lymph nodes at stations 1 and 2. Expanded surgery, on the other hand, refers to an expanded combined resection in which other organs are combined with the standard surgery or lymph node dissection of D2 or higher, such as No.16 group lymph nodes.