Primary diabetes mellitus is a group of common diseases that seriously affect people’s mental and physical health. Its etiology and pathogenesis are still not fully understood, but it is generally believed that the complex interaction between genetics and the psychological and social environment is the main factor in the development of diabetes. The disease has now become one of the three diseases with the highest mortality rate of non-communicable diseases among the elderly in the world. At present in China, with the improvement of material living standards, the acceleration of the pace of life, the change of diet structure, and the aging of the population, the prevalence of diabetes is increasing year by year, and the prevalence of diabetes is increasing at a rate of 0.1%, and the current survey shows that the incidence is about 2%. The current treatment of diabetes relies mainly on long-term dietary control, medication or insulin injections and other measures. Patients with diabetes also require regular blood glucose testing and are often concerned about the development of complications. These treatments and regular check-ups require a high degree of cooperation and self-care, and these demands consume a great deal of energy and suppress the patient’s desire for spontaneous activity. All of these undoubtedly pose a great psychological stress to the patient and easily produce negative emotions such as anxiety and depression. In turn, anxiety and depression increase the incidence of diabetes complications and aggravate the disease, forming a vicious circle. Due to the prolonged course of the disease, long-term repeated visits to the doctor, employment and work are affected, income is reduced, medical expenses increase, patients feel that the economic and family status is reduced, and then produce inferiority complex, self-blame and other negative psychology; at the same time, because of the disease and other reasons, patients participate in social activities reduced, internal depression can not be reasonably ventilated. According to domestic studies, more than 30% of diabetic patients suffer from anxiety, depression, emotional instability and neurosis. Studies have also confirmed that the onset of mood disorders in type 2 diabetes is even earlier than the onset of diabetes. The significant interaction between biological and psychosocial factors can increase the likelihood of complications and complicate the condition. Therefore, increasing attention is being paid to the impact of psychosocial factors on the onset, treatment prognosis and prevention of diabetes. The following is a brief introduction: 1. For the psychological treatment of diabetes: medical workers should first establish a good doctor-patient relationship with the patient, guide the patient to change bad habits, learn to relieve themselves and the necessary catharsis, and improve the compliance with treatment. As interpersonal relationship and family care also play a certain weighty role in the development of diabetic patients’ disease. Therefore, it is necessary to do a good job with family members, create a relaxed and harmonious social and family environment for patients, reduce the occurrence of negative emotions in patients and improve their quality of life. 2.Health education: It is an effective means to improve the quality of life of diabetic patients and the basis of modern comprehensive therapy. Through professionals using various means, the level of awareness and compliance of patients about diabetes and its complications, methods of prevention and treatment, and methods of monitoring their condition are improved, making patients change from passive to active adaptation, consciously carrying out diet control, participating in exercise, and taking medication on time, and helping them to build up confidence in overcoming the disease. The specific operation can be done by means of concentrated lectures, such as regular lectures, computer education courses, distribution of promotional materials, etc., or by giving planned education to patients one-on-one. The focus is to make them realize that although the disease cannot be cured at present, it is not incurable, and if properly controlled, it is possible to live, study and work as normal people. 3.Develop individualized cognitive-behavioral treatment plan: Each patient should have a different situation. According to their personality characteristics, age, disease duration, and specific internal conflicts, they should be given specific instructions, try to start in a small and easy way, give positive encouragement after completion, and continuously increase and update the goals according to the plan, so that they can successfully complete the training of self-care and self-monitoring in a gradual and unconscious way, which is helpful to overcome the fear of most patients. Even if the patient fails to achieve the predetermined goal, try not to blame, but to help him/her analyze the reasons, correct the internal bad perception of the disease and treatment, such as refusing to take insulin for fear of “insulin addiction” and other misperceptions; or appropriately lower the standard and change the implementation method in order to achieve the goal. 4.Morita therapy: guide the patient to adopt the attitude of “follow the nature and do what is necessary” in the face of the disease, that is, guide the patient to realize that avoiding the disease cannot change the status quo, and accept the objective reality that he or she has diabetes. When the patient accepts an “imperfect self”, guide the patient to adopt a positive attitude and continue to do what he or she could do before the disease; for example, establish an exercise place in the hospital or in the community where the patient lives, and regularly organize the patient to participate in moderate exercise, tai chi, dance parties, etc. or direct the patient to the library, sports room, movie hall, etc. This can enrich the life of patients and divert their attention to other things, thus achieving the purpose of treatment. 5.Psychological assessment: If possible, ask a professional clinical psychologist to assess the level of mental health, if it is found that the patient has reached the severity of “anxiety disorder” or “depression”, the patient can take antidepressant anxiety medication under professional guidance. If the patient is found to have reached the level of “anxiety” or “depression”, he can take antidepressant anxiety medication under professional guidance, which can greatly improve his emotional state, quality of life and blood sugar control.