It is the consensus of many people that it is safer to operate on children who are older and heavier, but there are many types of precardiac disease that must be treated surgically in the neonatal period or there will be serious consequences. Some of the more common types of diseases that must be operated on in the neonatal period are as follows. 1. Complete transposition of the great arteries. As the name suggests, complete transposition (or misalignment) of the great arteries means that the aorta and pulmonary artery are connected to the ventricle in opposite ways, which causes the circulatory state of the child to be changed from: left ventricle – aorta – systemic –Vena cava –Right ventricle –Pulmonary artery –Pulmonary vein -The normal crosstalk of left ventricle – aorta – systemic changes to: left ventricle – pulmonary artery – -pulmonary veins -left ventricle -pulmonary artery, and right ventricle -aorta- -The child is bound to develop cyanosis, and the child can survive based on the presence of relatively large traffic at the atrial, ventricular, or aortic level, meaning that the child who The basis for survival is the presence of relatively large traffic at the atrial, ventricular, or aortic level, that is, if the child has a significant atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, or patent ductus arteriosus. Children with a complete transposition of the great arteries or a complete misalignment of the great arteries need to be operated early. Complete transposition of the great arteries or complete misalignment of the great arteries is the most common type of cyanosis in the neonatal period, and the most ideal surgical procedure is transposition of the great arteries, which is a complicated procedure that requires not only transposition of the aorta and pulmonary artery that are connected to the complete inversion, but also transposition of the coronary artery to the new aortic position. monitoring are all relatively demanding. We currently perform more than 20 cases of neonatal aortic reversal each year, and complications occur in about 10% of the children. 2. Complete ectopic pulmonary venous drainage, as the name implies, means that the pulmonary vein should return to the left atrium, but ectopic reflux means that it does not return to the normal left atrial position. Complete pulmonary vein ectopic reflux can be divided into three types according to the location of reflux: supracardiac, intracardiac and subcardiac. Pulmonary venous reflux can be significantly symptomatic whenever there is obstruction and requires prompt surgical treatment. Especially, subcardiac type of pulmonary vein ectopic drainage should be operated once it is diagnosed. Pulmonary venous ectopic drainage is also a frequently underdiagnosed condition. If a child is found to have a significantly larger right heart, a less large atrial defect, and a right-to-left flow through the atrial defect, this condition should be alerted. We perform slightly more cases of corrective pulmonary vein ectopic drainage than complete transposition of the great arteries in newborns, and complications occur in about 5% of children. 3. Pulmonary atresia, which can be divided into pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum and pulmonary atresia with concomitant ventricular septal defect. For children with valve site atresia we now perform mosaic surgery with balloon dilation via the ventricular surface route. Children who have completed treatment are now recovering well, and it is interesting to find that the rise in saturation in children is a gradual process. 4. Aortic constriction and aortic dissection. The disease can also be as the name implies.