ASCUS is not always caused by inflammation and is a suspicious state that cannot exclude cervical precancerous lesions, which usually require additional colposcopy to further clarify the diagnosis. If further colposcopy, including biopsy results, suggests cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia, or cervical precancerous lesions, different treatment options are available depending on the grade of the precancerous lesions. If it is low-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia, it can be followed up and the cervical cytology examination will be repeated after three months. If it is high-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia, it needs to be treated by surgery in time. There are many surgical treatment options, including laparotomy, cold knife cervical conization, hysterectomy, etc.