Atrial septal defects have the potential to become larger. Normally, the atria and atria are completely separated by an atrial septum, and if there is a hole in the septum, it is called an atrial septal defect, which is a very common congenital heart defect. In general, most small atrial and septal defects can heal completely on their own when children reach about one and a half years of age; some small atrial septal defects will gradually increase in size as they grow older. If the diameter of atrial septal defect is larger than 5 mm, it is recommended to perform atrial septal defect repair as soon as possible, and if there is an indication for interventional surgery, atrial septal defect sealing can be performed. In the case of large atrial defects, symptoms such as active chest tightness and shortness of breath may appear in early childhood, and the diagnosis can be made clearly by performing cardiac ultrasound.