Febrile convulsions are an exclusionary diagnosis; therefore, children with a questionable diagnosis should be examined accordingly to clarify the cause of the convulsions. The Italian Society for Antiepileptic G Guidelines for the management of febrile convulsions suggest that children with fever and convulsions need to be hospitalized in the following situations: when the ongoing seizure cannot be excluded as a symptom of other diseases such as CNS infection; when the first febrile convulsive seizure is less than 18 months of age; in children with CFS; and in children without a clear family history of FS. Lumbar puncture for cerebrospinal fluid examination is the main method to exclude intracranial infectious diseases. Clinicians should grasp the indications for lumbar puncture in children with febrile convulsions, on which there is consensus: 1. In children <12 months of age, lumbar puncture is strongly recommended after the first fs to exclude intracranial infections, especially if they have been treated with antibiotics, because antibiotic therapy may mask the clinical symptoms of intracranial infections; 2. clinical signs; 2. Lumbar puncture should also be considered in children 12 to 18 months of age, as symptoms of meningitis may also be atypical in this age group. 3. For children >18 months of age, lumbar puncture is indicated in the presence of clinical signs and symptoms of meningitis, or if the history and/or physical examination suggest intracranial infection. intracranial infections, especially if already treated with antibiotics, as antibiotic therapy has the potential to mask the clinical signs of intracranial infection.