The common causes of pain when the sternum is pressed are mainly the following: a. The patient accidentally falls when moving on his own, which can cause fracture of the sternum. At this time, it will be accompanied by obvious swelling and pain on pressure, and the patient may have difficulty in breathing and restricted activities. It is recommended that the patient improve the X-ray or CT examination of the chest as soon as possible to clarify the severity of the sternal fracture and perform surgery for internal fixation if necessary. Postoperative treatment of anti-infection, analgesia and edema can effectively reduce the pain of sternal compression. Secondly, malignant tumor of breast invades into the sternum and causes cancer pain, which is mostly seen in elderly patients. The tumor cells follow the lymphatic vessels to cause bone destruction of the sternum, and obvious pressure pain symptoms appear. Patients need to improve breast MRI and mammography to clarify the nature of the lesion and then have the malignant tumor removed from the breast as soon as possible. After surgery, local radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy should be combined to inhibit the recurrence of tumor cells in the body, so as to reduce the painful pressure symptoms in the sternum. Third, children with chest pressure pain should be suspected of leukemia IV and possible costochondritis.