Urinary tract infection laboratory tests for diagnosis Urine routine: urine leukocytes: positive criteria for clean urine specimens urine into residual leukocytes >5/HP, or >8*10^6/L. Urine bacterial quantification: Gram-negative bacilli: urine containing bacteria <10^4/mL for possible infection, urine containing bacteria 10^4-10^5/ml for suspicious positive, urine containing bacteria >10^5/ ml for meaningful bacteriuria Coccidioides: urinary colony cell count 1000-10000/ml has diagnostic significance, such as female patients, coagulase-negative staphylococci >10^2/ml can also be diagnosed as urinary sensation. Judgment criteria for the efficacy of urinary tract infection Effective: Bacteriuria negative on recheck after treatment of urinary tract infection Cured: Bacteriuria negative after completing the course of antibacterial drugs, followed up and rechecked again 1 week and 1 month after stopping antibacterial drugs, if there is no bacteriuria, then it is cured, or although there is bacteriuria, it is re-infection Treatment failure: Bacteriuria still persists or recurs after treatment. Treatment of acute cystitis and acute pyelonephritis Acute cystitis: 3d therapy Mild acute pyelonephritis: quinolone preferred, 72h ineffective recommend changing antibiotics Acute pyelonephritis: 72 hours after the patient’s fever subsides, intravenous administration is switched to oral administration, medication is administered until complete disappearance of symptoms, 3-5 days after negative bacteriuria test, each course of treatment is usually 14 days, after stopping medication is reviewed once a week, 2-3 times in a row. After stopping the medication, recheck once a week for 2-3 times, and continue to recheck once after 6 weeks, and if it turns negative, it is considered to be cured. Asymptomatic bacteriuria is an insidious urinary sensation, i.e. patients with bacteriuria without any symptoms, often found during screening in healthy people or during routine urine bacteriological examination for other chronic kidney diseases. the prevalence of bacteriuria is about 10% in people over 60 years old, the bacteriuria mostly originates from the bladder and kidneys, and the causative organism is mostly Escherichia coli. asymptomatic bacteriuria in elderly people and women does not require special treatment. Asymptomatic bacteriuria caused by kidney transplantation or urinary tract obstruction, and asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women must be treated, especially in pregnant women, which may lead to the occurrence of acute pyelonephritis, with an incidence of about 20%.