Schizophrenia is a group of disabling encephalopathies with complex clinical manifestations and a prolonged course that severely impairs the social functioning of patients, who often require long-term pharmacological treatment. The goal of treatment for schizophrenia is no longer limited to the control of positive symptoms, but is more focused on the overall improvement of positive symptoms, negative symptoms, cognitive impairment, psychological symptoms, and social functioning. The concept of long course treatment requires that the entire treatment process be considered in its entirety from the beginning of the acute phase of treatment. It is hoped that the target symptoms will gradually resolve throughout the course of treatment and smoothly enter the consolidation and maintenance phase of treatment, while emphasizing the restoration of their level of functioning.